Table 3.

GEE analysis of first morning void urinary pyrethroid biomarker concentration (μg/L) by demographic and household factors (N=68 children, 202 urine samples)^a

	3-PBA
	n (N=191)	Medianb	95% CI	p-valuec
Child BMI				0.45
Underweight	17	2.47	0.50–3.02
Normal	118	0.95	0.83–1.17
Overweight	26	1.08	0.56–1.97
Obese	30	0.87	0.68–1.3
Child Sex				0.69
Female	99	0.95	0.86–1.17
Male	92	0.96	0.75–1.45
Caregiver Education				0.87
Less than High School	46	1.16	0.82–1.56
High School Graduate	87	0.95	0.76–1.44
Greater than High School	58	0.93	0.77–1.12
Household Income				0.27
< $5,000	134	0.91	0.81–1.12
$5,000–9,999	19	0.68	0.33–1.9
$10,000–14,999	23	1.28	0.81–1.69
>$15,000	15	1.05	0.81–3.06
Building Type				0.05
A one-family house detached from other house	3	1.73	0.62–11.9
A one-family house attached to one or more houses	72	0.89	0.73–1.03
A building with two apartments (or a 2-family house)	52	0.86	0.68–1.16
A building with three or more apartments	61	1.35	1.02–2.07
Location of Child’s Bedroom				0.22
1st Floor (Ground)	90	0.94	0.82–1.15
2nd Floor	98	1.03	0.77–1.52
Furry Pets Present				0.16
Yes	23	1.33	0.81–3.28
No	165	0.91	0.82–1.15
Seen Roaches Past 6 Months				0.28
Yes	91	1.01	0.86–1.49
No	100	0.91	0.81–1.23
Pesticide Use Last 6 Months				0.97
No Use	58	0.90	0.82–1.06
Non-spray use	21	1.23	0.48–1.83
Spray Use	111	1.00	0.77–1.33
Smoker in Home				0.18
Yes	54	1.03	0.86–1.52
No	137	0.91	0.81–1.23
Season				0.07
Winter (Dec-Feb)	51	1.12	0.82–1.64
Spring (Mar-May)	73	0.81	0.68–1.05
Summer (Jun-Aug)	22	0.86	0.56–1.57
Autumn (Sep-Nov)	45	1.41	0.87–2.27
Days child spent majority of daytime hours at home				0.17
0	3	0.46	0.21–0.80
1	37	1.23	0.87–1.85
2	46	1.04	0.68–1.67
3	16	1.69	0.68–2.34
4	21	0.93	0.63–1.64
5	67	0.82	0.68–1.02
Green Housing				0.68
Yes	97	1.00	0.75–1.41
No	94	0.95	0.82–1.19

^a.Number of samples collected was 202 from 68 children, 11 samples had 3-PBA < LOD

^b.Median value over entire study period (n=191 samples)

^c.Score Statistic p-value for bivariate GEE analysis; significant at p<0.05