Table 1.

Characteristics of synthetic opioid overdose deaths by Isotonitazone involvement, Cook County, IL and Milwaukee County, WI, January - July 2020, n=1,021

	Isotonitazene (Case)		Other synthetic opioids (Control)		χ² / t-test
County					p=0.8
Cook County, IL	34	85%	815	83%
Milwaukee County, WI	6	15%	166	17%
Sex					p=0.5
Male	32	80%	734	75%
Female	8	20%	247	25%
Age (mean, SD)	44.9 (2.0)		44.9 (0.4)		p=0.5
Race/Ethnicity
Asian	0	0%	8	1%	p=0.6
Black, non-Hispanic	20	50%	450	46%	p=0.6
Hispanic/Latino	3	8%	117	12%	p=0.4
Other/Unknown	1	3%	16	2%	p=0.7
White, non-Hispanic	16	40%	390	40%	p=1.0
Number of substances (mean, SD)	4.2 (0.2)		3.1 (0.04)		p<0.001
Synthetic opioids
Fentanyl	27	68%	939	96%	p<0.001
4-ANPP/despropionyl-fentanyl	22	55%	635	65%	p=0.2
Acetyl fentanyl	3	8%	94	10%	p=1.0
Carfentinil	1	3%	5	1%	p=0.2
Methoxyacetyl fentanyl	1	3%	1	0.1%	p=0.07
Cyclopropyl fentanyl	1	3%	0	0%	p=0.04
Valeryl fentanyl	0	0%	5	1%	p=1.0
Butyr fentanyl	0	0%	1	0%	p=1.0
Brorphine	0	0%	4	0.4%	p=1.0
U-4770	1	3%	1	0.1%	p=0.07
Methadone	5	13%	115	12%	p=0.9
Tramadol	0	0%	44	4%	p=0.4
Buprenorphine	0	0%	9	1%	p=1.0
Flualprazolam	35	88%	75	8%	p<0.001
Cocaine	15	38%	390	40%	p=0.8
Heroin/Morphine	15	38%	467	48%	p=0.2
Alcohol	8	20%	240	24%	p=0.5
Alprazolam	3	8%	93	9%	p=0.5
Gabapentin	2	5%	57	6%	p=1.0
Methamphetamine	1	3%	30	3%	p=1.0
Oxycodone	1	3%	28	3%	p=1.0
Diphenhydramine	1	3%	24	2%	p=1.0
Xylazine	1	3%	14	1%	p=0.5
Topiramate	1	3%	2	0.2%	p=0.1
Paroxetine	1	3%	0	0%	p=0.04
MDMA	1	3%	13	1%	p=0.5
Cyclobenzaprine	1	3%	13	1%	p=0.5
Chlorpheniramine	1	3%	1	0%	p=0.07
Total	40	100%	981	100%