Table 2.

Major themes, categories and codes

Theme	Categories	Codes
Health system preparedness to manage diabetes comorbidities	Challenges in relation to infrastructure and logistics	Supply of medicine Laboratory facilities Inadequate human resources Lack of trained support staff
	Management of records and documentation	Poor record keeping Improper registration of chronic disease patients Strengthen formal referral channels Support of pharmaceutical companies
	Community participation and literacy	Awareness campaigns among community members Active engagement of community health workers
Challenges faced by physician to treat diabetes comorbidities	Barriers to provide effective treatment	Lack of confidence Lack of orientation and training on skill development High patient density
	Facilitators for effective treatment	Skill development on time management Networking with seniors, specialists Patient physician relationship
Patients' related factors in management of diabetes comorbidities	Treatment adherence	Multiple issues affecting the adherence Non-compliance Traditional beliefs Attitudes towards change and appraisal of comorbidity
	Healthcare expenditure	Socio-economic status Out-of-pocket expenditure Incentives, Subsidy, Insurance
	Maintaining a personal treatment record	Previous prescription Care-seeking pathway history Diagnostic reports