Table 1.
Scores of Hope Level and Resilience in Patients with Severe COVID-19 According to Different Characteristics (n=56)
| Item | n | Hope Level | Resilience | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Z1 | H1 | P1 | Z2 | H2 | P2 | ||
| Age | 0.387 | – | 0.592 | 2.316 | – | 0.128 | |
| <65 | 29 | ||||||
| ≥65 | 27 | ||||||
| Gender | 0.650 | – | 0.420 | 3.373 | – | 0.040 | |
| Male | 31 | ||||||
| Female | 25 | ||||||
| Infection of family members | 0.000 | – | 1.000 | 0.983 | – | 0.322 | |
| Y | 38 | ||||||
| N | 18 | ||||||
| Marriage | 5.199 | – | 0.045 | 2.888 | – | 0.089 | |
| Married | 49 | ||||||
| Divorced or widowed | 7 | ||||||
| Education level | – | 7.471 | 0.031 | – | 3.164 | 0.367 | |
| Primary school and below | 3 | ||||||
| Junior high school | 24 | ||||||
| High school or junior college | 15 | ||||||
| College and above | 14 | ||||||
| Career | – | 3.826 | 0.430 | – | 6.000 | 0.199 | |
| Peasants | 2 | ||||||
| Worker | 17 | ||||||
| Self-employment | 17 | ||||||
| Business unit | 6 | ||||||
| Other | 14 | ||||||
| Family residence | 4.017 | - | 0.134 | 1.336 | - | 0.513 | |
| Rural | 16 | ||||||
| Cities | 40 | ||||||
| Economic situation of families | - | 4.083 | 0.130 | - | 9.845 | 0.007 | |
| Superior | 7 | ||||||
| Moderate | 38 | ||||||
| Hard | 22 | ||||||
Notes: Z1, H1, P1 values are obtained by comparing the hope level of different groups of patients, and Z2, H2, P2 values are obtained by comparing the mental toughness of different groups of patients.