Table 3.

Postoperative complications expressed as percentages (total number of each complication)

	TM + TE (two-stage IBBR)	NSM + TE (two-stage IBBR)	NSM + direct-to implant (one-stage IBBR)
Total complication rate	8.1 (2)	38.9 (7)	31.3 (5)
Infection	2.7 (1)	11.1 (2)	6.3 (1)
Seroma/hematoma	0	5.6 (1)	6.3 (1)
Flap ischemia/necrosis	2.7 (1)	11.1 (2)	12.5 (2)
TE/implant loss	2.7 (1)	5.6 (1*)	6.3 (1#)
Nipple necrosis/loss	–	5.6 (1)	6.3 (1)

*The patient underwent prior radiotherapy after initial breast-conserving surgery

^#The patient was a heavy smoker