Table 2.
Outcome predicted | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biomarker | ILD subtype | Lung function decline | Survival | Exacerbation | References |
AGE/sRAGE | IPF | + | (33) | ||
Anti-MDA-5 Ab | IIM-ILD | + | (116) | ||
CA-125 | IPF | + | + | (117, 118) | |
CTD-ILD | + | (119) | |||
CHP | + | (119) | |||
uILD | + | (119) | |||
CA19-9 | IPF | + | + | (118) | |
Calgranulin (S100) | IPF | + | + | (120, 121) | |
CCL-2 | SSc-ILD | + | + | (122, 123) | |
IIM-ILD | + | (124) | |||
CCL17 | CHP | + | (52) | ||
CCL-18 | IPF | + | – | (125–127) | |
SSc-ILD | ± | + | (44, 128–131) | ||
CD59 | IPF | + | (46) | ||
CRP | SSc-ILD | + | + | (47) | |
CX3CL1 | SSc-ILD | + | (49) | ||
CXCL4 | SSc-ILD | + | (132) | ||
CXCL9 | CHP | + | (52) | ||
CXCL10 | IIM-ILD | + | (124) | ||
CXCL13 | CTD-ILD | + | (119) | ||
CHP | + | (119) | |||
uILD | + | (119) | |||
IPF | + | + | (55, 119, 133, 134) | ||
GDF-15 | IPF | + | (61) | ||
ICAM-1 | SSc-ILD | + | (62) | ||
IPF | + | + | (121) | ||
IgA | IPF | + | + | (135) | |
IL-6 | SSc-ILD | + | + | (136) | |
IIM-ILD | + | (137) | |||
IL-10 | SSc-ILD | + | - | (122) | |
KL-6 | IPF | + | + | + | (125, 133, 138–141) |
SSc-ILD | + | + | (79, 96, 131, 142) | ||
LOXL-2 | IPF | + | (143) | ||
MMP-degraded Proteins | IPF | + | + | (81, 82) | |
MMP-3 | CTD-ILD | + | (144) | ||
IPF | + | (134) | |||
MMP-7 | CTD-ILD | + | (119) | ||
CHP | + | (119) | |||
uILD | + | (119) | |||
IPF | + | + | (117, 121, 145) | ||
IIM-ILD | + | (145) | |||
MMP-9 | CTD-ILD | + | (144) | ||
MMP-10 | IPF | + | + | (146) | |
Neopterin | IIM-ILD | + | (147) | ||
Osteopontin | IPF | + | (117) | ||
CTD-ILD | + | (144) | |||
Periostin | IPF | + | + | (90, 148, 149) | |
CHP | + | + | (89) | ||
SP-A | IPF | + | + | (145) | |
SP-D | IPF | + | + | (36, 74, 118) | |
SSc-ILD | + | (44, 74) | |||
VCAM-1 | CTD-ILD | + | (119) | ||
CHP | + | (119) | |||
uILD | + | (119) | |||
IPF | + | + | (117, 121) | ||
IIM-ILD | + | (150) | |||
VEGF | IPF | + | (151) | ||
VEGF A165b | IPF | + | (152) | ||
YKL-40 | IPF | + | (101, 117) | ||
CHP | + | (100) | |||
SSc-ILD | +/- | (103) | |||
IIM-ILD | + | (104) |