Table 4.
Average nutrient content for the overall diet and UPF v. other diet fractions combined, and compared with the WHO dietary intake recommendations for key nutrients, in adult Barbadians (2012–13)
| Nutrient indicators | Overall diet | Non-ultra-processed food diet fractiona | Ultra-processed food diet fraction | Recommended values for the indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95 % CI) | Mean (95 % CI) | Mean (95 % CI) | ||
| Free sugars (% of total energy) | 15⋅6 (14⋅8, 16⋅4) | 5⋅2 (4⋅6, 5⋅8) | 32⋅0 (30⋅2, 33⋅8) | <10b |
| Total fats (% of total energy) | 28⋅4 (27⋅6, 29⋅2) | 30⋅6 (29⋅6, 31⋅6) | 24⋅8 (23⋅6, 26⋅0) | 15–30b |
| Saturated fats (% of total energy) | 8⋅0 (7⋅6, 8⋅4) | 9⋅0 (8⋅6, 9⋅4) | 6⋅3 (5⋅9, 6⋅7) | <10b |
| Trans-fats (% of total energy) | 0⋅1 (0⋅1, 0⋅1) | 0⋅0 (0⋅0, 0⋅1) | 0⋅2 (0⋅1, 0⋅2) | <1b |
| Protein (% of total energy) | 16⋅7 (16⋅1, 17⋅3) | 21⋅7 (20⋅9, 22⋅5) | 9⋅6 (9⋅0, 10⋅2) | 10–15b |
| Energy density (kcal/g) | 1⋅6 (1⋅5, 1⋅7) | 1⋅3 (1⋅2, 1⋅4) | 2⋅9 (2⋅8, 3⋅0) | 1⋅25–1⋅45c |
| Dietary fibre (g/1000 kcal) | 9⋅7 (9⋅3, 10⋅0) | 10⋅4 (9⋅8, 11⋅0) | 8⋅6 (8⋅0, 9⋅2) | >12⋅5d |
| Sodium (mg/1000 kcal) | 1427⋅7 (1381⋅2, 1474⋅2) | 1522⋅1 (1459⋅6, 1584⋅6) | 1293⋅2 (1238⋅9, 1347⋅5) | <1000 mge |
| Potassium (mg/1000 kcal) | 1283⋅3 (1236⋅7, 1329⋅9) | 1666⋅7 (1592⋅2, 1741⋅2) | 722⋅1 (684⋅3, 759⋅9) | >1755 mge |
Includes the NOVA unprocessed or minimally processed foods, processed culinary ingredients and processed foods (NOVA groups 1–3).
World Health Organization (2013) Diet, nutrition, and the prevention of chronic disease. Geneva: World Health Organization.
World Cancer Research Foundation (2009) Energy density: finding the balance for cancer prevention. London: World Cancer Research Foundation.
Recommended value based on a 2000 kcal diet.
World Health Organization (2013) World Health Organization issues new guidance on dietary salt and potassium. Geneva: WHO. Recommended value based on a 2000 kcal diet.