Table 5.

Descriptive characteristics of Mexican adult study participants, by dietary pattern

Characteristic	Traditional dietary pattern			Industrialised dietary pattern			Mixed dietary pattern
	n	%	95 % CI	n	%	95 % CI	n	%	95 % CI
Sex
Male	745	52⋅10	48⋅44, 55⋅74	688	56⋅11	52⋅54, 59⋅61	303	32⋅82**,***	28⋅13, 37⋅89
Female	1224	47⋅90	44⋅26, 51⋅56	995	43⋅89	40⋅39, 47⋅46	1121	67⋅18*,***	62⋅11, 71⋅87
Age group (years)
20–39	921	50⋅57	46⋅53, 54⋅6	993	64⋅48*,***	60⋅67, 68⋅12	662	53⋅33	48⋅58, 58⋅02
40–59	1048	49⋅43	45⋅4, 53⋅47	690	35⋅52*,***	31⋅88, 39⋅33	762	46⋅67	41⋅98, 51⋅42
Area type
Rural	1352	44⋅88*,**	39⋅42, 50⋅46	682	17⋅56	14⋅37, 21⋅29	559	17⋅56	14⋅07, 21⋅71
Urban	617	55⋅12*,***	49⋅54, 60⋅58	1001	82⋅44	78⋅71, 85⋅63	865	82⋅44	78⋅29, 85⋅93
Geographical region
North	364	13⋅82*	10⋅13, 18⋅57	510	27⋅03	23⋅28, 31⋅13	241	19⋅44	13⋅65, 26⋅93
Centre	652	33⋅80	28⋅83, 39⋅16	540	34⋅27	29⋅8, 39⋅05	519	33⋅12	28⋅11, 38⋅55
Mexico City	100	8⋅43*,**	5⋅93, 11⋅86	248	18⋅80	15⋅43, 22⋅72	209	19⋅68	14⋅49, 26⋅17
South	853	43⋅95*,**	38⋅33, 49⋅72	385	19⋅90	16⋅31, 24⋅04	455	27⋅75	22⋅74, 33⋅39
Well-being index
Tertile 1	1334	58⋅05*,**	53⋅02, 62⋅92	616	24⋅16	20⋅95, 27⋅7	484	22⋅34	18⋅77, 26⋅37
Tertile 2	496	31⋅01	26⋅8, 35⋅56	622	35⋅09	31⋅2, 39⋅19	522	33⋅11	28⋅65, 37⋅89
Tertile 3	139	10⋅94*,**	8⋅484, 13⋅99	445	40⋅75	36⋅42, 45⋅23	418	44⋅55	38⋅56, 50⋅7
Tobacco use (lifetime)
>100 cigarettes	358	25⋅60	22⋅18, 29⋅35	519	42⋅61*,***	38⋅52, 46⋅8	244	20⋅53	16⋅43, 25⋅35
≤100 cigarettes	473	27⋅06	23⋅43, 31⋅03	450	26⋅36	22⋅87, 30⋅18	375	32⋅18	27⋅38, 37⋅38
None	1125	47⋅34	42⋅93, 51⋅79	700	31⋅03*,***	27⋅44, 34⋅87	792	47⋅29	41⋅47, 53⋅19
BMIa	1947	27⋅87*	27⋅43, 28⋅31	1657	28⋅74	28⋅23, 29⋅25	1400	28⋅26	27⋅75, 28⋅77
BMI category
Normal	523	28⋅64	25⋅07, 32⋅5	404	25⋅70	22⋅26, 29⋅48	318	29⋅30	24⋅94, 34⋅06
Overweight	782	43⋅16	38⋅99, 47⋅43	600	37⋅21	33⋅32, 41⋅27	536	36⋅12	31⋅75, 40⋅73
Obese	642	28⋅20*	24⋅46, 32⋅27	653	37⋅09	33⋅1, 41⋅26	546	34⋅58	30⋅65, 38⋅74
Hypertension (yes)	204	9⋅36	7⋅164, 12⋅14	177	10⋅61	8⋅398, 13⋅31	177	10⋅24	7⋅793, 13⋅33
Physical activity level
Inactive	236	12⋅36	9⋅54, 15⋅86	254	16⋅00	13⋅05, 19⋅46	178	8⋅98***	6⋅956, 11⋅51
Moderately active	161	7⋅05	5⋅33, 9⋅259	180	10⋅51	8⋅322, 13⋅18	149	10⋅67	8⋅394, 13⋅48
Active	1508	80⋅60	76⋅61, 84⋅05	1204	73⋅50*,***	69⋅66, 77⋅01	1049	80⋅35	76⋅94, 83⋅36
Sleep duration (hours)
7–9	1472	73⋅12*	69⋅19, 76⋅73	1130	62⋅52	58⋅76, 66⋅13	1006	68⋅72	63⋅29, 73⋅68
<7	377	20⋅98*	17⋅86, 24⋅48	456	31⋅30	27⋅76, 35⋅08	324	24⋅13	20⋅28, 28⋅44
>9	120	5⋅90	4⋅14, 8⋅33	97	6⋅18	4⋅47, 8⋅48	94	7⋅15	4⋅53, 11⋅11
Insomnia (yes)	292	15⋅85	13⋅2, 18⋅92	356	17⋅26	14⋅78, 20⋅06	267	16⋅31	13⋅42, 19⋅68
Daytime symptoms (yes)	337	15⋅54*	13⋅07, 18⋅39	387	22⋅66	19⋅45, 26⋅22	261	18⋅86	15⋅58, 22⋅66
Obstructive sleep apnoea (yes)	445	21⋅68	18⋅27, 25⋅53	496	30⋅65*,***	27⋅27, 34⋅24	350	24⋅49	20⋅94, 28⋅41

^aMean and 95 % CI.

^*Significant difference between the traditional and industrialised patterns (P < 0⋅017).

^**Significant difference between the traditional and mixed patterns (P < 0⋅017).

^***Significant difference between the industrialised and mixed patterns (P < 0⋅017).