FIGURE 3.

Schematic illustration of strategies of scaffold- or hydrogel-based cancer vaccines. (A) Scaffold- or hydrogel-based cancer vaccines can recruit immature DCs into the injection site and subsequently activate them into mature DCs. (B) Nanocomposite hydrogel/scaffold systems can co-deliver antigens and adjuvants into the same DCs. (C) Scaffold- or hydrogel-based adoptive cell transfer can release mature DCs or CAR-T cells in a sustained manner and maintain the viability of cells. (D) Functionalized scaffolds can mimic APCs to directly expand primary T cells.