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. 2021 May 20;9(5):2325967121993179. doi: 10.1177/2325967121993179

Table 2.

Most Commonly Reported Measurements by Category for the Assessment of Patellar Instabilitya

Measurement No. of Studies
Patellar tracking
 TT-TG distance 59
 Congruence/Merchant angle 13
 Patellar lateral displacement shift 9
 TT-PCL distance 9
 2-/3-dimensional knee rotation angle 6
 Tibial/tibial tubercle torsion 6
Trochlear morphology
 Femoral/trochlear sulcus angle 19
 Dejour classification 12
 Trochlear groove depth 10
 Lateral trochlear or facet inclination / tilt angle 9
Patellar height
 Insall-Salvati/modified Insall-Salvati ratio 26
 Caton-Deschamps index 26
 Blackburne-Peel ratio 5
 Patellar trochlear index 5
Patellar inclination
 Patellar tilt, inclination angle, lateral patellofemoral angle 22
 Lateral patellofemoral angle 6
Soft tissue description
 MPFL thickness 5
 VMO morphology 3
Patellar morphology
 Patellofemoral contacting surface ratio 2
 Wiberg classification 2
 Patellar length 2

aMPFL, medial patellofemoral ligament; TT-PCL, tibial tubercle–posterior cruciate ligament; TT-TG, tibial tubercle–trochlear groove; VMO, vastus medialis obliquus.