Table 1.
ADME of the compounds from W. somnifera.
| Compounds | MF | LS(E)S | WSC | BBBP | P-gpS | GIA | BS | NHBA | NHBD | TPSA (Å2) | MR | LKP(SP) (cm/s) | LV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quercetin-3-rutinoside-7-glucoside | C33H40O21 | −2.91 | S | No | Yes | low | 0.17 | 21 | 13 | 348.58 | 173.50 | −12.53 | 3*** |
| Rutin | C27H30O16 | −3.30 | S | No | Yes | low | 0.17 | 16 | 10 | 269.43 | 141.38 | −10.26 | 3*** |
| Quercetin | C15H10O7 | −3.16 | S | No | No | High | 0.55 | 7 | 7 | 131.36 | 78.04 | −7.05 | 0# |
| 4-Deoxyphysalolactone | C28H39ClO7 | −4.23 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 7 | 4 | 124.29 | 135.75 | −8.05 | 1* |
| Chlorogenic acid | C16H17O9 | −1.61 | VS | No | No | Low | 0.11 | 9 | 5 | 167.58 | 81.56 | −8.75 | 0# |
| Caffeoyl quinic acid | C16H17O9 | −1.61 | VS | No | No | Low | 0.11 | 9 | 5 | 167.58 | 81.56 | −8.75 | 0# |
| Withasomnilide | C28H38O6 | −4.67 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 6 | 2 | 96.36 | 127.53 | −6.87 | 0# |
| Withanolide J | C28H38O6 | −4.14 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 6 | 3 | 104.06 | 129.28 | −7.46 | 0# |
| Withanolide S | C28H40O8 | −3.31 | S | No | Yes | Low | 0.55 | 8 | 5 | 144.52 | 132.12 | −8.85 | 1* |
| Sitoindoside IX | C34H48O11 | −4.43 | MS | No | Yes | Low | 0.17 | 11 | 5 | 175.51 | 159.87 | −8.97 | 2** |
| Isochlorogenic acid B | C25H23O12 | −3.64 | S | No | Yes | Low | 0.11 | 12 | 6 | 214.11 | 124.95 | −8.37 | 3*** |
| Withafastuosin E | C28H40O7 | −4.32 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 7 | 4 | 124.29 | 130.84 | −7.35 | 0# |
| Withanolide Q | C28H38O6 | −4.37 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 6 | 3 | 104.06 | 129.21 | −7.13 | 0# |
| Withanolide N | C28H36O5 | −4.62 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 5 | 2 | 83.83 | 127.57 | −6.62 | 0# |
| Withasomniferanolide | C28H38O6 | −4.24 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 6 | 3 | 104.06 | 129.21 | −7.35 | 0# |
| Somniferawithanolide | C28H38O6 | −3.86 | S | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 6 | 3 | 104.06 | 129.24 | −7.71 | 0# |
| Somniwithanolide | C28H38O7 | −3.78 | S | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 7 | 4 | 124.29 | 130.37 | −7.93 | 0# |
| Withanolide F | C28H38O6 | −4.14 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 6 | 3 | 104.06 | 129.28 | −7.46 | 0# |
| Somniferanolide | C28H36O6 | −4.19 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 6 | 2 | 96.36 | 127.05 | −7.38 | 0# |
| (18R)-Withaphysalin F | C28H36O7 | −4.15 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 7 | 2 | 105.59 | 126.50 | −7.71 | 0# |
| 2,3-Didehydrosomnifericin | C28H40O7 | −4.45 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 7 | 4 | 124.29 | 130.84 | −7.27 | 0# |
| Somnifericin | C28H42O7 | −4.47 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 7 | 4 | 129.29 | 131.32 | −7.28 | 0# |
| Sominone | C28H42O5 | −5.46 | MS | No | Yes | High | 0.55 | 5 | 3 | 86.99 | 129.44 | −5.75 | 0# |
***=(No; 3 violations: MW > 500, NorO>10, NHorOH>5); **= (No; 2 violations: MW > 500, NorO>10); *= (Yes; 1 violation: MW > 500); #= (Yes; 0 violation); S=Soluble; MS = Moderately soluble; VS=Very soluble; LS(E)S = Log S (ESOL) solubility; WSC=Water solubility class; BBBP BBB permeant; P-gpS = P-gp substrate; NHBD=Num. H-bond donors; MR = Molar refractivity; NHBA=Num. H-bond acceptors; LKP(SP) = log Kp (skin permeation); MF = Molecular formula; LV = Lipinski violation; GIA = Gastrointestinal absorption; BS=Bioavailability score.