Table 3.

Maternal- and self-reports of social adjustment difficulties by DMDD and/or ODD

Variables	1.DMDD+ODD (n = 11)	2.DMDD-only (n = 19)	3.ODD-only (n = 86)	4.No psychiatric disorder (n = 3213)	Statistical analysis
	Mean (SD)				F	p	Post-hoc comparison
Parent-report
School function	1.82 (0.45)	1.56 (0.38)	1.8 (0.59)	1.34 (0.31)	17.89	<.001	1,3>4; 1>2
Academic performance	2.31 (0.45)	1.88 (0.91)	2.24 (0.93)	1.71 (0.67)	11.64	<.001	1>2,4
Attitude toward school	2.25 (1.04)	1.59 (0.8)	2.06 (0.89)	1.5 (0.67)	9.09	<.001	1,3>2,4
Peer interaction	1.89 (0.4)	1.66 (0.4)	1.66 (0.42)	1.4 (0.31)	5.88	0.0013	1>4
School behavior	1.72 (0.45)	1.48 (0.33)	1.67 (0.56)	1.23 (0.28)	3.84	0.03	1>2,4; 3>4
Home behavior	1.51 (0.35)	1.29 (0.26)	1.59 (0.46)	1.31 (0.3)	4.05	0.03	3>2,4
Sibling interaction	1.35 (0.29)	1.21 (0.23)	1.43 (0.44)	1.21 (0.29)	1.22	0.31
Parent-child interaction	1.54 (0.42)	1.38 (0.36)	1.7 (0.53)	1.37 (0.36)	4.79	0.005	3>2,4
Self-report
School function	2.19 (0.8)	1.66 (0.42)	1.84 (0.47)	1.34 (0.29)	14.08	<.001	1,3>2,4
Academic performance	2.4 (0.82)	1.86 (0.68)	2.51 (0.93)	1.8 (0.69)	16.73	<.001	1,3>2,4
Attitude toward school	2.8 (1.14)	1.79 (0.71)	2.16 (1.02)	1.52 (0.67)	14.39	<.001	1>2,3,4; 3>4
Peer interaction	2.01 (0.84)	1.92 (0.56)	1.75 (0.46)	1.4 (0.32)	7.94	<.001	3>4
School behavior	2.12 (0.85)	1.61 (0.5)	1.72 (0.54)	1.22 (0.28)	14.58	<.001	1>2,3,4; 3>4
Home behavior	1.75 (0.86)	1.58 (0.4)	1.6 (0.46)	1.27 (0.31)	8.16	<.001	2,3>4
Sibling interaction	1.91 (0.92)	1.68 (0.77)	1.57 (0.58)	1.24 (0.36)	4.17	0.01	1>4
Parent-child interaction	1.67 (0.89)	1.51 (0.3)	1.65 (0.51)	1.29 (0.35)	15.53	<.001	3>4

Note. Statistical analysis adjusted for age and sex. Group comparisons were corrected by Bonferroni method.

DMDD: disruptive mood dysregulation disorder; ODD: oppositional defiant disorder; SD: standard deviation