Table 2.

Recent preclinical studies on HSV-1-based cancer therapy.

Type of cancer	Cell lines/mice	Modification	Effects	References
Medulloblastomas and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors	Orthotopic xenograft models of medulloblastoma and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors	rRp450 HSV-1: lacks ICP6 and expresses rat CYP2B1, enzyme that activates prodrug cyclophosphamide	Prolonged survival, addition of cyclophosphamide enhanced the efficacy of rRp450	Studebaker et al64
Glioblastoma	High-grade glioma xenograft BALB/c mice	Retargeted to HER2 Expresses murine IL-2	Increased overall survival Tumor eradicated in 30% of animals	Alessandrini et al65
Lung carcinoma	C57BL/6 HER-2-transgenic/tolerant mice	Retargeted to HER2 Armed with IL-12	Prevented growth of distant tumors Elicited local and systemic immune response	Leoni et al66
Liver tumor	C57BL/6 mice Athymic BALB/c mice	ICP34.5 and ICP47 deleted ICP6 genes replaced by LacZ	Inhibited tumor growth Enhanced antitumor efficacy via T-cell-mediated immune response	Nakatake et al67
pHGG, DIPG	Pediatric glioma cell lines, patient-autopsy-derived DIPG cells Mouse orthotopic xenograft model of DIPG	HSV1716 (ICP34.5 deleted)	Inhibited migration and invasion in cell line Reduced tumor infiltration in a mouse model of orthotropic xenograft DIPG	Cockle et al68
SCC	Human oral SCC cell line	ICP34.5 deleted	Autophagy-induced cell death	Furukawa et al69

Abbreviations: DIPG, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HSV, herpes simplex virus; pHGG, pediatric high-grade glioma; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma.