Table 3.
Thirty day mortality (%) among patients admitted to hospital for non-covid-19 medical conditions during covid-19 pandemic in Denmark compared with prepandemic baseline period
| Cause | Baseline risk (reference) | First national lockdown | Gradual reopening | Few restrictions | Regional lockdowns | Second national lockdown | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk | Risk ratio (95% CI) | Risk | Risk ratio (95% CI) | Risk | Risk ratio (95% CI) | Risk | Risk ratio (95% CI) | Risk | Risk ratio (95% CI) | ||||||
| Overall | 5.3 | 6.9 | 1.28 (1.23 to 1.32) | 5.6 | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.06) | 5.3 | 0.99 (0.96 to 1.01) | 5.6 | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.07) | 6.6 | 1.20 (1.16 to 1.24) | ||||
| Including covid-19 admissions | 5.3 | 7.4 | 1.36 (1.31 to 1.41) | 5.7 | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) | 5.3 | 0.99 (0.97 to 1.01) | 5.8 | 1.07 (1.04 to 1.10) | 7.4 | 1.33 (1.29 to 1.37) | ||||
| ICD-10 chapters | |||||||||||||||
| Infectious diseases | 9.8 | 13.5 | 1.39 (1.23 to 1.56) | 9.7 | 0.94 (0.83 to 1.06) | 9.3 | 0.92 (0.85 to 1.00) | 11.9 | 1.15 (1.05 to 1.26) | 13.7 | 1.32 (1.18 to 1.48) | ||||
| Including covid-19 admissions | 9.7 | 15.7 | 1.75 (1.60 to 1.91) | 11.0 | 1.08 (0.97 to 1.20) | 9.4 | 0.93 (0.86 to 1.01) | 12.4 | 1.25 (1.15 to 1.35) | 16.9 | 1.72 (1.60 to 1.85) | ||||
| Cancer | 9.6 | 10.5 | 1.09 (0.99 to 1.20) | 10.5 | 1.10 (1.00 to 1.20) | 10.2 | 1.06 (0.99 to 1.13) | 10.7 | 1.12 (1.04 to 1.20) | 10.9 | 1.14 (1.04 to 1.25) | ||||
| Haematological disorders | 5.2 | 6.3 | 1.15 (0.89 to 1.49) | 5.2 | 0.95 (0.76 to 1.20) | 4.9 | 0.91 (0.78 to 1.07) | 5.4 | 1.05 (0.87 to 1.26) | 6.5 | 1.19 (0.95 to 1.49) | ||||
| Endocrine, nutrition, and metabolism | 7.9 | 10.2 | 1.17 (1.00 to 1.37) | 8.4 | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.17) | 8.0 | 0.94 (0.86 to 1.03) | 8.0 | 1.05 (0.93 to 1.17) | 8.8 | 1.07 (0.92 to 1.23) | ||||
| Mental and behavioural disorders | 4.0 | 4.0 | 0.95 (0.62 to 1.45) | 4.6 | 1.08 (0.78 to 1.48) | 3.8 | 0.95 (0.76 to 1.18) | 5.0 | 1.19 (0.92 to 1.53) | 5.8 | 1.42 1.04 to 1.95) | ||||
| Diseases of the nervous system | 2.1 | 3.0 | 1.31 (0.91 to 1.88) | 2.4 | 1.07 (0.78 to 1.47) | 2.6 | 1.23 (1.00 to 1.52) | 2.0 | 0.98 (0.74 to 1.29) | 2.6 | 1.18 (0.85 to 1.65) | ||||
| Sensory organ disease | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.58 (0.14 to 2.40) | 1.1 | 1.05 (0.45 to 2.44) | 0.9 | 0.83 (0.45 to 1.53) | 1.4 | 1.35 (0.74 to 2.48) | 1.5 | 1.40 (0.64 to 3.06) | ||||
| Circulatory disease | 5.6 | 6.9 | 1.22 (1.11 to 1.35) | 5.7 | 1.00 (0.92 to 1.10) | 5.6 | 1.00 (0.94 to 1.06) | 6.0 | 1.06 (0.99 to 1.14) | 6.8 | 1.18 (1.08 to 1.29) | ||||
| Respiratory diseases | 11.6 | 14.7 | 1.26 (1.17 to 1.36) | 13.5 | 1.16 (1.07 to 1.25) | 13.0 | 1.12 (1.07 to 1.18) | 13.5 | 1.17 (1.10 to 1.24) | 15.4 | 1.28 (1.18 to 1.38) | ||||
| Digestive diseases | 4.3 | 5.6 | 1.25 (1.10 to 1.43) | 4.0 | 0.90 (0.79 to 1.02) | 4.3 | 0.98 (0.90 to 1.06) | 4.4 | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.12) | 5.5 | 1.23 (1.09 to 1.38) | ||||
| Dermatological diseases | 2.2 | 4.1 | 1.88 (1.13 to 3.12) | 2.3 | 1.05 (0.61 to 1.81) | 2.0 | 0.93 (0.63 to 1.36) | 1.9 | 0.83 (0.51 to 1.36) | 2.2 | 0.96 (0.52 to 1.77) | ||||
| Bone, muscle, and connective tissues | 0.9 | 2.3 | 2.32 (1.66 to 3.23) | 1.2 | 1.25 (0.94 to 1.66) | 1.1 | 1.11 (0.92 to 1.35) | 1.0 | 1.05 (0.83 to 1.32) | 1.8 | 1.84 (1.39 to 2.44) | ||||
| Genitourinary system | 4.7 | 6.1 | 1.25 (1.07 to 1.46) | 5.6 | 1.15 (1.00 to 1.31) | 4.7 | 0.93 (0.85 to 1.03) | 5.2 | 1.05 (0.93 to 1.17) | 6.2 | 1.22 (1.06 to 1.40) | ||||
| Injury or poisoning | 4.0 | 5.2 | 1.25 (1.10 to 1.43) | 4.6 | 1.12 (0.99 to 1.26) | 4.1 | 1.01 (0.93 to 1.10) | 4.7 | 1.12 (1.01 to 1.24) | 5.3 | 1.21 (1.08 to 1.36) | ||||
| Selected acute medical conditions | |||||||||||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 4.7 | 4.8 | 1.01 (0.72 to 1.41) | 4.4 | 0.90 (0.66 to 1.23) | 4.7 | 0.97 (0.78 to 1.21) | 4.4 | 0.92 (0.70 to 1.20) | 5.5 | 1.11 (0.84 to 1.48) | ||||
| Heart failure | 10.2 | 11.1 | 1.10 (0.88 to 1.39) | 8.7 | 0.83 (0.67 to 1.03) | 10.0 | 0.99 (0.86 to 1.15) | 11.1 | 1.06 (0.90 to 1.26) | 11.5 | 1.11 (0.91 to 1.36) | ||||
| Stroke | 6.4 | 7.2 | 1.12 (0.88 to 1.42) | 6.0 | 0.92 (0.73 to 1.15) | 5.4 | 0.84 (0.72 to 0.99) | 6.8 | 1.04 (0.87 to 1.25) | 7.9 | 1.20 (0.97 to 1.47) | ||||
| Intracranial bleeding | 22.1 | 24.3 | 1.12 (0.86 to 1.46) | 23.2 | 1.05 (0.82 to 1.35) | 25.0 | 1.19 (1.01 to 1.40) | 25.3 | 1.15 (0.95 to 1.40) | 26.3 | 1.21 (0.96 to 1.53) | ||||
| Acute exacerbation of chronic pulmonary disease | 8.1 | 9.2 | 1.14 (0.96 to 1.36) | 8.1 | 0.98 (0.82 to 1.17) | 8.4 | 1.04 (0.93 to 1.16) | 9.4 | 1.15 (1.00 to 1.32) | 11.3 | 1.33 (1.13 to 1.56) | ||||
| Pneumonia | 13.3 | 18.4 | 1.40 (1.27 to 1.55) | 17.1 | 1.30 (1.17 to 1.44) | 16.2 | 1.20 (1.12 to 1.28) | 17.2 | 1.30 (1.19 to 1.41) | 19.0 | 1.38 (1.25 to 1.53) | ||||
| Sepsis | 15.0 | 19.8 | 1.39 (1.23 to 1.57) | 14.0 | 0.91 (0.81 to 1.03) | 15.3 | 1.00 (0.92 to 1.08) | 17.5 | 1.15 (1.04 to 1.26) | 18.3 | 1.20 (1.07 to 1.35) | ||||
| Urinary tract infection | 6.5 | 8.0 | 1.23 (1.01 to 1.50) | 7.0 | 1.06 (0.89 to 1.26) | 6.5 | 0.97 (0.86 to 1.09) | 7.5 | 1.09 (0.94 to 1.25) | 7.1 | 1.04 (0.87 to 1.25) | ||||
| Bone, skin, and soft tissue infections | 3.4 | 3.6 | 1.09 (0.69 to 1.72) | 3.8 | 1.03 (0.72 to 1.49) | 2.4 | 0.67 (0.50 to 0.89) | 4.2 | 1.16 (0.86 to 1.56) | 4.8 | 1.32 (0.93 to 1.88) | ||||
ICD-10=international classification of diseases version 10.
Mortality rate ratio adjusted for age and sex. Patients admitted to hospital with non-covid-19 medical conditions and subsequently with a diagnosis of covid-19 within 30 days of the index date were censored at day of covid-19 diagnosis.