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. 2021 May 24;20:31. doi: 10.1186/s12991-021-00352-4

Table 3.

Comparison between respondents with and without mild-to-severe depression with regards to the WHOQOL-BREF domain scores

The WHOQOL-BREF domains, mean ± SD With mild-to-severe depression Without depression Mean difference Adjusted mean differencea
(95% CI)		 p value
Physical health 13.63 ± 2.66 16.20 ± 2.11 − 2.57

− 2.12

(− 2.60, − 1.64)

  < 0.001
Psychological 12.50 ± 2.79 16.10 ± 2.14 − 3.60

− 2.71

(− 3.19, − 2.23)

  < 0.001
Social relationships 12.17 ± 3.49 15.28 ± 2.93 − 3.11

− 2.26

(− 2.91, − 1.61)

  < 0.001
Environment 14.50 ± 2.39 16.21 ± 2.14 − 1.71

− 1.17

(− 1.64, − 0.71)

  < 0.001

aAdjusted for age = 35.75, marital status = 0.47, zone = 0.75, household income = 0.57, avoidant = 22.08, and religion = 5.70