Figure 4.

Sanguinarine decreases collagen-induced human platelet granule release and integrin αIIbβ3 activation. (a) Washed human platelets were prepared as shown in Figure 3. ATP secretion was documented and computed following the instructions in the Materials and Methods Section. (b) Data were shown as mean ± SEM (n = 5) and examined using one-way ANOVA analysis. (c–f) First, washed human platelets (5 × 10⁷/mL) were preincubated for 10 min at 37 °C with sanguinarine (1, 2.5, 5 µM) or DMSO (control) in the presence of FITC-conjugated P-selectin and FITC-conjugated PAC-1 antibodies. Afterward, the platelets were stimulated with collagen (2 µg/mL) and incubated for another 5 min. P-selectin expression (c,d) and PAC-1 binding (e,f) were identified by flow cytometry. Results and data were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5).