Table 1.
FA | Soybean | Yeast | Rice Bran | Starch |
---|---|---|---|---|
SFA | ||||
C10:0 | 0.31 ± 0.006 d | 0.46 ± 0.17 a | 0.41 ± 0.006 b | 0.373 ± 0.003 c |
C11:0 | 0.40 ± 0.006 c | 0.81 ± 0.075 a | 0.41 ± 0.023 c | 0.56 ± 0.006 b |
C12:0 | 0.78 ± 0.003 ab | 0.88 ± 0.058 a | 0.70 ± 0.020 b | 0.52 ± 0.035 c |
C13:0 | 2.17 ± 0.040 b | 2.87 ± 0.055 a | 2.39 ± 0.205 b | 3.10 ± 0.159 a |
C14:0 | 10.51 ± 0.309 c | 17.80 ± 0.820 a | 14.15 ± 0.471 b | 16.10 ± 0.393 a |
C15:0 | 0.91 ± 0.147 d | 2.60 ± 0.101 b | 1.99 ± 0.012 c | 11.80 ± 0.115 a |
C16:0 | 38.54 ± 0.12 a | 24.78 ± 0.303 c | 30.48 ± 0.029 b | 24.83 ± 0.245 c |
C17:0 | 0.55 ± 0.003 d | 1.92 ± 0.043 a | 1.16 ± 0.015 b | 0.69 ± 0.003 c |
C18:0 | 21.88 ± 0.245 a | 11.57 ± 0.205 b | 9.76 ± 0.064 c | 8.12 ± 0.090 d |
C20:4 | 0.83 ± 0.046 b | 2.65 ± 0.191 a | 2.43 ± 0.300 a | 2.22 ± 0.049 a |
MUFA | ||||
C14:1 | 12.35 ± 0.001 b | 15.16 ± 0.823 a | 15.58 ± 0.003 a | 13.93 ± 0.543 ab |
C15:1 | 0.77 ± 0.015 b | 1.32 ± 0.001 b | 1.16 ± 0.479 b | 4.37 ± 0.150 a |
C16:1 | 1.89 ± 0.020 b | 4.19 ± 0.592 a | 2.44 ± 0.032 b | 2.33 ± 0.040 b |
C18:1c | 6.22 ± 0.150 c | 9.07 ± 0.297 b | 13.04 ± 0.069 a | 9.02 ± 0.433 b |
C18:2c | 1.04 ± 0.104 c | 2.77 ± 0.015 a | 2.46 ± 0.006 b | 1.12 ± 0.012 c |
PUFA | ||||
C18:3ω3 | 0.83 ± 0.038 b | 1.18 ± 0.017 a | 1.20 ± 0.061 a | 0.91 ± 0.012 b |
C20:5ω3 | 0.00 ± 0.000 b | 0.00 ± 0.000 b | 0.24 ± 0.006 a | 0.00 ± 0.000 b |
∑ SFA | 76.89 ± 0.297 a | 66.33 ± 0.479 c | 63.87 ± 0.647 d | 68.32 ± 0.084 b |
∑ MUFA | 22.27 ± 0.260 d | 32.49 ± 0.514 b | 34.68 ± 5.95 a | 30.77 ± 0.095 c |
∑ PUFA | 0.83 ± 0.037 c | 1.18 ± 0.017 b | 1.45 ± 0.055 a | 0.91 ± 0.012 c |
SFA/UFA | 3.33 ± 0.058 a | 1.97 ± 0.043 c | 1.77 ± 0.052 d | 2.16 ± 0.009 b |
Values are means ± SE. Means (n = 3) in the same row with different superscript are significantly different (p ≤ 0.05). FA: fatty acids; SFA: saturated fatty acids; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; UFA: unsaturated fatty acids.