Table 3.
Changes in texture profile analysis parameters of rainbow trout fillets treated with algae aqueous extracts throughout a 12-day cold storage (4 °C) period.
| dpm | C | ASC | Cc | Uo | Ap | Hp | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hardness (N) |
1 | 18.6 ± 1.2 B | 19.9 ± 1.4 B | 18.7 ± 0.6 | 19.8 ± 2.4 B | 19.8 ± 1.2 B | 20.6 ± 1.3 B | 0.133 |
| 4 | 16.4 ± 1.2 B,a | 19.8 ± 3.3 B,ab | 17.6 ± 2.1 ab | 19.4 ± 1.4 Bab | 21.1 ± 1.2 Bb | 22.1 ± 1.3 B,b | 0.004 | |
| 6 | 16.7 ± 1.5 B,a | 18.2 ± 1.5 AB,a | 18.1 ± 1.5 a | 18.7 ± 1.2 BC,a | 20.9 ± 1.7 B,b | 22.2 ± 1.7 B,b | <0.001 | |
| 8 | 16.6 ± 1.4 B,a | 17.4 ± 1.7 AB,a | 17.4 ± 1.6 B,a | 18.2 ± 1.3 B,b | 17.2 ± 1.5 B,b | 19.0 ± 1.8 B,c | 0.005 | |
| 12 | 13.7 ± 1.9 A,a | 16.4 ± 1.2 A,b | 16.2 ± 1.6 b | 14.8 ± 1.2 A,ab | 16.4 ± 1.9 A,b | 15.9 ± 2.1 A,b | 0.007 | |
| p | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.061 | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | ||
| Springiness (mm) |
1 | 0.72 ± 0.05 A | 0.76 ± 0.04 | 0.75 ± 0.07 A | 0.80 ± 0.07 A | 0.73 ± 0.05 A | 0.78 ± 0.06 AB | 0.097 |
| 4 | 0.76 ± 0.05 A,a | 0.78 ± 0.04 a | 0.89 ± 0.05 B,b | 0.85 ± 0.05 B,b | 0.90 ± 0.05 C,b | 0.91 ± 0.03 C,b | <0.001 | |
| 6 | 0.82 ± 0.04 B,a | 0.80 ± 0.07 a | 0.84 ± 0.06 B,b | 0.79 ± 0.05 A,a | 0.89 ± 0.07 C,c | 0.87 ± 0.05 C,c | 0.003 | |
| 8 | 0.76 ± 0.06 A,a | 0.74 ± 0.06 a | 0.76 ± 0.04 A,a | 0.78 ± 0.03 A,ab | 0.83 ± 0.05 B,b | 0.81 ± 0.02 B,b | 0.006 | |
| 12 | 0.73 ± 0.09 A,a | 0.74 ± 0.08 ab | 0.75 ± 0.06 A,b | 0.74 ± 0.08 A,ab | 0.76 ± 0.05 A,b | 0.76 ± 0.05 A,b | 0.018 | |
| p | 0.020 | 0.099 | <0.001 | 0.011 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Cohesiveness | 1 | 0.16 ± 0.03 b | 0.16 ± 0.01 b | 0.13 ± 0.03 A,a | 0.17 ± 0.03 B,b | 0.15 ± 0.03 b | 0.16 ± 0.03 b | 0.010 |
| 4 | 0.15 ± 0.02 a | 0.15 ± 0.02 a | 0.16 ± 0.02 C | 0.14 ± 0.01 Aa | 0.17 ± 0.02 b | 0.17 ± 0.02 b | 0.018 | |
| 6 | 0.14 ± 0.01 a | 0.15 ± 0.01 a | 0.16 ± 0.02 C,b | 0.13 ± 0.01 Aa | 0.17 ± 0.01 bc | 0.18 ± 0.03 c | 0.009 | |
| 8 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.02 B | 0.17 ± 0.02 B | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.932 | |
| 12 | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 0.16 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.02 B | 0.15 ± 0.03 AB | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.557 | |
| p | 0.083 | 0.511 | 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.063 | 0.107 | ||
| Gumminess (N mm−2) |
1 | 2.8 ± 0.2 C | 2.7 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 0.3 B | 2.7 ± 0.4 B | 2.9 ± 0.3 B | 2.9 ± 0.3 B | 0.538 |
| 4 | 2.5 ± 0.3 BC,a | 3.1 ± 0.7 ab | 3.5 ± 0.4 D,b | 2.7 ± 0.3 B,ab | 3.5 ± 0.5 C,b | 3.3 ± 0.4 C,ab | 0.005 | |
| 6 | 2.5 ± 0.6 BC,a | 2.6 ± 0.4 a | 3.0 ± 0.5 C,c | 2.8 ± 0.3 BC,b | 3.1 ± 0.4 B,c | 3.3 ± 0.4 C,c | 0.004 | |
| 8 | 2.3 ± 0.2 A,a | 2.6 ± 0.3 b | 2.2 ± 0.4 Aa | 3.1 ± 0.3 C,c | 2.8 ± 0.2 AB,b | 2.8 ± 0.2 B,b | 0.001 | |
| 12 | 2.2 ± 0.2 A,a | 2.6 ± 0.6 c | 2.4 ± 0.4 AB,bc | 1.9 ± 0.3 A,a | 2.5 ± 0.4 A,c | 2.2 ± 0.4 A | 0.004 | |
| p | 0.022 | 0.261 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Chewiness (N mm−1) |
1 | 1.9 ± 0.3 a | 2.2 ± 0.5 BC,ab | 2.2 ± 0.4 AB,ab | 2.6 ± 0.4 BC,b | 2.3 ± 0.3 AB | 2.3 ± 0.3 B | 0.004 |
| 4 | 2.1 ± 0.4 a | 2.5 ± 0.3 D,ab | 2.8 ± 0.4 B,c | 2.3 ± 0.3 B,ab | 3.1 ± 0.4 B,c | 2.7 ± 0.3 BC,bc | 0.003 | |
| 6 | 1.9 ± 0.5 a | 2.3 ± 0.4 BC,ab | 2.7 ± 0.4 B,b | 2.1 ± 0.4 B,a | 2.7 ± 0.4 B,b | 3.3 ± 0.3 C,c | <0.001 | |
| 8 | 1.9 ± 0.3 a | 1.8 ± 0.4 A,a | 1.8 ± 0.2 A | 2.5 ± 0.4 BC,b | 1.8 ± 0.1 A,a | 2.3 ± 0.4 B,b | 0.010 | |
| 12 | 1.6 ± 0.4 b | 1.9 ± 0.5 AB,c | 1.9 ± 0.6 A,c | 1.3 ± 0.4 A,a | 1.9 ± 0.3 A,c | 1.6 ± 0.3 Ab | 0.001 | |
| p | 0.149 | 0.008 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Resilience (N mm−1) |
1 | 0.16 ± 0.03 b | 0.17 ± 0.01 c | 0.13 ± 0.03 A,a | 0.17 ± 0.03 B,c | 0.15 ± 0.03 ab | 0.16 ± 0.03 b | 0.021 |
| 4 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.16 ± 0.02 B,b | 0.14 ± 0.01 A | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.118 | |
| 6 | 0.14 ± 0.01 a | 0.16 ± 0.02 b | 0.16 ± 0.02 A,b | 0.13 ± 0.01 A,a | 0.16 ± 0.02 b | 0.18 ± 0.03 c | 0.009 | |
| 8 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.02 A | 0.15 ± 0.02 A | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.932 | |
| 12 | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 0.16 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.02 A | 0.15 ± 0.03 A | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.15 ± 0.03 | 0.557 | |
| p | 0.083 | 0.511 | <0.001 | 0.017 | 0.063 | 0.107 |
dpm: days postmortem. C: control (distilled water). ASC: ascorbic acid. Cc: Crassiphycus corneus. Uo: Ulva ohnoi. Ap: Arthrospira platensis. Hp: Haematococcus pluvialis. Values are mean ± sd. Superscript uppercase letters indicate differences (p < 0.05) attributable to storage time within each additive treatment. Superscript lowercase letters indicate differences (p < 0.05) attributable to treatments within each storage time.