TABLE 2.

Summarized effects of TCM Corydalis and Stephania therapy on METH abuse and other psychiatric symptoms.

Herb	Compound	Types of functional impairment	Symptoms and experiment	Animal	Effective dose	Receptor or signaling pathway molecule	Author [Ref.]
Corydalis and Stephania	l-THP	METH dependence	METH self-administration and METH-induced reinstatement	Rat	l-THP 5 mg/kg	DA receptor	Gong et al. (2016)
			CPP	Mice	l-THP (10 and 20 mg/kg)		Su et al. (2013)
					l-THP 10 mg/kg	ERK phosphorylation	Su et al. (2020)
		Behavioral sensitization	Locomotor activity	Rat and mice	l-THP (10 and 15 mg/kg)	5-HT and D3 receptor	Yun (2014a)
		Memory and cognitive function impairment	Spatial memory impairment	Mice	l-THP (10 and 20 mg/kg)	DA receptor	Cao et al. (2018)
	l-SPD	Behavioral sensitization	Locomotor sensitization behavior	Rat	l-SPD (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.)	DA receptor	Ma et al. (2014)
		Memory and cognitive function impairment	Memory deficits	Mice	l-SPD (10 mg/kg, i.p.)	Dopaminergic pathway and HCN1 channels	Zhou et al. (2019)
	l-SLR	Behavioral sensitization	Behavioral sensitization	Mice	l-SLR (5 mg/kg)	D2 receptor antagonist, D1 receptor agonist	Mi et al. (2016)
		METH dependence	CPP
		Anxiety-like behaviors	Anxiety-like behaviors	Zebrafish		5-HT1A receptor partial agonist

METH = methamphetamine; 5-HT = 5-hydroxytryptamine; D or DA = dopamine; ERK = extracellular-regulated kinase; HCN1 = hyperpolarization-activated and cyclic nucleotide-gated cation 1; l-THP = l-tetrahydropalmatine; l-SPD = l-stepholidine; l-SLR = l-scoulerine; CPP = conditioned place preference.