Table 5.

Changes in hepatic expressions of inflammatory genes (n=6) of mice

	ND	ND+Ka	HFD	HFD + Ka
TNF-α	1.00±0.15	1.15±0.21	2.85±0.56*	1.79±0.31#
IL-6	1.00±0.13	1.08±0.16	3.46±0.87*	1.54±0.35##
ICAM-1	1.00±0.10	1.25±0.22	3.71±0.82*	2.18±0.53#
VCAM-1	1.00±0.12	0.91±0.20	3.12±0.64*	1.83±0.42#
NF-κB	1.00±0.11	1.03±0.21	3.55±0.72*	2.02±0.66#

Note: Expressions of inflammatory genes. Relative mRNA levels are expressed as a ratio relative to β-actin. All values are mean±SEM.*P<0.01 vs ND, #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 vs HFD

HFD: high-fat diet; Ka: kaempferide; ND: normal-diet-fed