Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Participants
| Weight Gain After 20 Years of Age | P value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| <10kg (n=3601) | ≥ 10kg (n=3601) | ||
| Gender (male/female) | 1709/1892 | 1636/1965 | |
| Age (years) | 64 (55–69) | 63 (55–67) | |
| BMI at the time of the study (kg/m2) | 25.9 (24.5–27.2) | 25.8 (24.5–27.3) | |
| BMI at 20 years of age (kg/m2) | 23.8 (22.4–25.6) | 20.4 (19.2–21.7) | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 87.3 (83.5–91.7) | 89.2 (85.4–93.5) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129 (119–141) | 130 (120–143) | 0.007 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77 (70–84) | 78 (71–84) | 0.016 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1959 (54.4) | 2085 (57.9) | 0.003 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 2151 (59.7) | 2405 (66.8) | <0.001 |
| Type 2 Diabetes, n (%) | 653 (18.1) | 713 (19.8) | 0.071 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 794 (22.0) | 830 (23.0) | 0.310 |
| Hyperuricemia, n (%) | 443 (12.3) | 527 (14.6) | 0.004 |
| Metabolic syndrome, n (%) | 755 (21.0) | 977 (27.1) | <0.001 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 79 (2.2) | 80 (2.2) | 0.936 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 97 (2.7) | 95 (2.6) | 0.884 |
| Aneurysm of aorta, n (%) | 22 (0.6) | 25 (0.7) | 0.661 |
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 13 (0.4) | 18 (0.5) | 0.368 |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.007 | ||
| Single | 316 (8.9) | 263 (7.4)# | |
| Divorced | 137 (3.9) | 171 (4.8) | |
| Living with a spouse | 2835 (79.8) | 2827 (79.2) | |
| Widowed | 265 (7.5) | 310 (8.7) | |
| Education level, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Completed elementary/middle school | 1124 (31.6) | 931 (26.2)## | |
| Completed high school | 1514 (42.6) | 1652 (46.6)## | |
| Completes university/college | 916 (25.8) | 965 (27.2) | |
| Employment, n (%) | 2062 (58.2) | 1970 (55.5) | 0.022 |
Notes: *Mann–Whitney U-test or chi-square test. Median values are shown (25th percentile-75th percentiles). #Adjusted residual >|1.96|, ##adjusted residual>|2.58|.
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.