Table 2.
Summary of quantitative data from included studies
| Author/year | Type | Sample size | Participants | Location | Gambling screen/result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bray (1992 ) | Health survey report | 16,935 | Randomly sampled active military personnel in the US Military | USA | Problem gambling (DSM-III gambling disorder) lifetime prevalence |
| 7.1% report 1 or more gambling problems; | |||||
| 2.0% report 3 or more gambling problems; | |||||
| Bray (2002) | Health survey report | 12,756 | Randomly sampled active military personnel in the US Military | USA | Prevalence of PG DSM-IV gambling disorder, lifetime Prevalence |
| 6.3% report 1 or more gambling problems; | |||||
| 2.3% report 3 or more gambling problems; | |||||
| 1.2% report 5 or more gambling problems (suggestive PG) | |||||
| Kennedy et al. (2006) | Journal article | 35 | US Military personnel seeking gambling counselling in the first year of a gambling treatment in a US Naval Hospital | Okinawa, Japan | South Oaks Gambling Screen |
| Mean score: 10.53 (SD 4.16) | |||||
| Steenbergh (2008) | Journal article | 31,104 | Sample of U.S. Air Force recruits | USA | Custom abbreviated 12-month gambling screening questionnaire: |
| Level 2 gambling at 6% | |||||
| Level 3 gambling at 1.9% | |||||
| Weis and Manos (2007) | Journal article | 584 | Outpatients presenting to a Naval Medical Center psychiatry clinic | Portsmouth, VA, USA | South Oaks Gambling Screen: |
| Mean score: 0.34 (SD = 1.10) | |||||
| Wilson et al. (2018) | Poster presentation | 861 | Data from active duty personnel in the U.S. Armed Forces who had been diagnosed with Pathological gambling (ICD 9 312.31) | USA | NA |
In the Steenbergh (2008) study, Level 1 gambling is defined as ‘recreational’ and people in this category “typically experience little or no resulting financial, psychological or interpersonal harm” (p. 452). Level 2 gamblers “usually experience some gambling-related symptoms or problems, but do not meet diagnostic criteria for pathological gambling disorder” (p. 452). Finally, level 3 gamblers “present with chronic & debilitating problems, significant impairment in daily functioning, and loss of control over their gambling” (p. 452).
Mean and standard deviation recovered from Table 1 of Weis and Manos (2007) using a weighted average of military personnel (excluding dependents)
Since all personnel in this study had already been diagnosed with a gambling disorder, no measure of a gambling screen was reported. The study detailed the demographic characteristics of this sample.