Fig. 4.
The effects of different fermentation conditions on D-PA production in 5 L fermenter by E. coli W3110. a Comparison of original fermentation medium and optimal medium; b Effects of different isoleucine feeding rates on D-PA biosynthesis; c Effects of different isoleucine feeding rates on DCW; d Effects of different isoleucine feeding rates on acetic acid accumulation; e Specific cell growth rate (μ) with different isoleucine feeding rates; f Specific D-PA yield on glucose (qp) with different isoleucine feeding rates