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. 2021 May 24;11:10802. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90198-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Shannon alpha diversity and Beta diversity metrics of the salivary microbiome of children who were caries free (CF), caries experienced—no recurrence (CE-NR) and had active recurrent caries (CR). (A) Violin plot depicting Shannon alpha diversity measures for each sample category was analyzed by paired Kruskal–Wallis test. CR group has a significantly higher alpha diversity when compared to CF and CE-NR. (B) Beta diversity was compared by using Principal Coordinate Analysis and the strength of the differences were tested by Permutational Analysis of Variance. No differences were observed in Beta diversity among the groups.