Table 4.
Clinical studies using amniotic membrane to guide bone regeneration.
| References | No. = (Patients per group) | Indication | Treatments | Evaluation methodology | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kothiwale et al. (2009) | No. = 10 | Periodontal furcation defect (Grade II) | 1) DFDBA + AM 2) Bio-oss®+ AM |
Measurement of CAL and PPD 2D Radiography |
Significant improvement of parameters from baseline to 9 months in both groups without significant differences between groups. |
| Kiany and Moloudi (2015) | No. = 10 | Periodontal pockets | 1) Bio-oss®+ AM 2) Bio-oss®+ Collagen membrane (Bio-gide®) |
Measurement of CAL, PPD, GR, and probing bone | Significant improvement of parameters from baseline to 6 months in both groups. No significant differences between the two groups after 6 months. |
| Kumar et al. (2015) | No. = 27 | Periodontal pockets | 1) G-graft® 2) G-graft® + AM |
Measurement of CAL, PPD, and inflammatory 2D Radiography |
AM significantly increased bone fill and CAL after 6 months. |
| Sali and Pauline George (2016) | No. = 10 | Periodontal pockets | 1) DFDBA 2) DFDBA + AM |
Measurement of CAL, PPD, and GR 3D Radiography |
Significant improvement of parameters from baseline to 12 months in both groups. No significant differences between the two groups at 12 months. |
| Pajnigara et al. (2017) | No. = 20 | Periodontal furcation defect (Grade II) | 1) DFDBA 2) DFDBA + AM |
Measurement of CAL, PPD, GR, and horizontal probing depth 3D Radiography |
AM increased significantly bone fill and CAL at 6 months. AM reduced significantly PPD and GR at 6 months. |
| Kaur and Bathla (2018) | No. = 15 | Periodontal furcation defect (Grade II) | 1) PRF 2) PRF + AM |
Measurement of CAL and PPD 3D Radiography |
AM significantly increased bone fill and CAL at 6 months. AM significantly reduced PPD at 6 months. |
| Akhlaghi et al. (2019) | No. = 9 | Jaw-bone defect | 1) NBBM+ bone autograft + AM 2) NBBM + bone autograft + AM loaded with BFSCs |
3D RadiographyHistology | The mean increase in bone width was significantly greater in the AM + BFSCs group at 5 months. |
AM, amniotic membrane; BFSCs, buccal fat pad-derived stromal cells; CAL, clinical attachment level; DFDBA, demineralized freeze dried bone allograft; GR, gingival recession; NBBM, natural bovine bone mineral; PPD, probing pocket depth; PRF, platelet-rich fibrin.