Table 4.
Post-diagnostic total coffee and total tea consumption in relation to mortality after breast cancer diagnosis in the Nurses’ Health Study and Nurses’ Health Study II, stratified by oestrogen receptor status (n = 8353), insulin receptor status (n = 2488) and molecular subtypes (n = 5294).
| Breast cancer subtype | No. of deaths | Breast cancer-specific mortality HR (95% CI) per 1 cup/day | No. of deaths | All-cause mortality HR (95% CI) per 1 cup/day |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total coffee | ||||
| Oestrogen receptor status | ||||
| Oestrogen receptor-positive | 756 | 0.91 (0.86–0.97) | 1831 | 0.91 (0.88–0.95) |
| Oestrogen receptor-negative | 209 | 0.97 (0.85–1.09) | 441 | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) |
| P for heterogeneity | 0.71 | 0.99 | ||
| Insulin receptor status | ||||
| Insulin receptor-positive | 174 | 1.06 (0.93–1.22) | 466 | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) |
| Insulin receptor-negative | 211 | 0.88 (0.78–0.99) | 544 | 0.92 (0.85–0.99) |
| P for heterogeneity | 0.008 | 0.12 | ||
| Molecular subtype | ||||
| Luminal A | 307 | 0.88 (0.80–0.98) | 804 | 0.90 (0.85–0.96) |
| Luminal B | 154 | 0.83 (0.72–0.97) | 345 | 0.88 (0.80–0.97) |
| HER2-enriched | 43 | 1.30 (0.92–1.84) | 80 | 1.05 (0.84–1.32) |
| Basal-like | 45 | 0.93 (0.67–1.28) | 99 | 0.91 (0.74–1.13) |
| P for heterogeneity | 0.86 | 0.77 | ||
| Total tea | ||||
| Oestrogen receptor status | ||||
| Oestrogen receptor-positive | 756 | 0.99 (0.92–1.08) | 1831 | 0.97 (0.92–1.02) |
| Oestrogen receptor-negative | 209 | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) | 441 | 0.94 (0.84–1.05) |
| P for heterogeneity | 0.28 | 0.69 | ||
| Insulin receptor status | ||||
| Insulin receptor-positive | 174 | 0.85 (0.69–1.04) | 466 | 0.91 (0.81–1.03) |
| Insulin receptor-negative | 211 | 0.99 (0.82–1.18) | 544 | 0.96 (0.85–1.07) |
| P for heterogeneity | 0.41 | 0.50 | ||
| Molecular subtype | ||||
| Luminal A | 307 | 0.96 (0.84–1.09) | 804 | 0.90 (0.83–0.98) |
| Luminal B | 154 | 1.02 (0.85–1.24) | 345 | 0.96 (0.84–1.09) |
| HER2-enriched | 43 | 0.77 (0.46–1.30) | 80 | 0.91 (0.66–1.27) |
| Basal-like | 45 | 1.18 (0.82–1.70) | 99 | 1.13 (0.89–1.44) |
| P for heterogeneity | 0.42 | 0.06 | ||
Note: Models were stratified by cohort and adjusted for age at diagnosis (year), calendar year of diagnosis, time between diagnosis and first FFQ (year), calendar year at start of follow-up of each-2-year questionnaire cycle, pre-diagnostic BMI (<20, 20 to <22.5, 22.5 to <25, 25.0 to <30, 30 to <35, ≥35 kg/m2, missing), BMI change after diagnosis (no change (≥−0.5 to ≤0.5 kg/m2), decrease (<−0.5 kg/m2), increase (>0.5–2 kg/m2), increase (>2 kg/m2), missing), post-diagnostic smoking (never, past, current 1–14 cigarettes/day, current 15–24 cigarettes/day, current ≥25 cigarettes/day, missing), post-diagnostic physical activity (<5, 5 to <11.5, 11.5 to <22, ≥22 MET-h/week, missing), oral contraceptive use (ever, never), post-diagnostic alcohol consumption (<0.15, 0.15 to <2.0, 2.0 to 7.5, ≥7.5 g/day), post-diagnostic total energy intake (quintiles, kcal/day), pre-diagnostic menopausal status, age at menopause, and postmenopausal hormone use status (premenopausal; postmenopausal, age at menopause<50 year and never postmenopausal hormone use; postmenopausal, age at menopause <50 year and past postmenopausal hormone use; postmenopausal, age at menopause <50 year and current postmenopausal hormone use; postmenopausal, age at menopause ≥50 year and never postmenopausal hormone use; postmenopausal, age at menopause ≥50 year and past postmenopausal hormone use; postmenopausal, age at menopause ≥50 year and current postmenopausal hormone use; missing), post-diagnostic aspirin use (never, past, current, missing), race (non-Hispanic white, other), stage of disease (I, II, III), ER/PR status (ER/PR-positive, ER-positive and PR-negative, ER/PR-negative, missing), radiotherapy (yes, no, missing), chemotherapy (yes, no, missing), and hormonal treatment (yes, no, missing). For oestrogen receptor status and molecular subtype analyses, we did not adjust for ER/PR status.