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. 2021 May 11;12:672433. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.672433

FIGURE 8.

FIGURE 8

Synteny and phylogeny of OPN/SPP1 and MEPE/OC116 genes and corresponding proteins in vertebrates. (A) OPN/SPP1 is represented by a light blue box and MEPE/OC116 is represented by a dark blue box. The other SIBLING genes are integrin-binding sialoprotein (IBSP), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), which are represented by empty boxes with oblique blue lines. In Gymnophiona (amphibian), instead of MEPE we observed the presence of the transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1-like gene (LOC115462518, XP_030048369.1). Flanking genes are polycystin 2 (PKD2), SPARC-like 1 (SPARCL1) and nudix hydrolase 9 (NUDT9), which are represented by gray boxes. ChUn: Chromosome Unknown. Blue asterisk indicates that SCPPA2 is a hypothetical ortholog of spp1 (Kawasaki, 2011). Gene IDs are listed in Supplementary Table 2. In the left part, the phylogenetic tree for vertebrate species is represented (adapted from www.tolweb.org and Kapusta et al., 2017). (B) Phylogeny of OPN/SPP1 in vertebrates, which was reconstructed using multiple alignment performed with ClustalW and Gblocks (www.phylogeny.fr) and JTT + G model of protein evolution (MEGAX v10.1.8; https://www.megasoftware.net/). Topology of the tree corresponds to maximum likelihood method (MEGAX v10.1.8). Bootstrap values from maximum likelihood are indicated at each node. The symbol//indicates a gap of 0.8 substitution rate to add to the basal branch. Black asterisks indicate species where the protein was identified in the eggshell. (C) Phylogenetic reconstruction of OC-116/MEPE in vertebrates was performed using multiple alignment constructed with ClustalW and Gblocks (www.phylogeny.fr) and JTT + G + F model of protein evolution (MEGAX v10.1.8). Topology of the tree corresponds to maximum likelihood method (MEGAX v10.1.8). Bootstrap values from maximum likelihood are indicated at each node. Black asterisks indicate species where the protein was identified in the eggshell and the gray asterisk indicates a related species (C. siamensis) where the protein was identified in the eggshell.