Table 2.
Association of complications of T2DM with psychological distress
| Complications | Study n=253 | Prevalence of DSPD (PAID Score ≥40) | Univariate | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 95% CI | OR (95% CI) | P | ||
| Retinopathy | |||||
| No | 171 (67.6) | 47 (27.5) | 20.9-34.8 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 82 (32.4) | 36 (43.9) | 32.9-55.3 | 2.06 (1.19-3.58) | 0.010 |
| Neuropathy | |||||
| No | 145 (57.3) | 47 (32.4) | 24.9-40.7 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 108 (42.7) | 36 (33.3) | 24.6-43.1 | 1.04 (0.61-1.77) | 0.878 |
| Nephropathy | |||||
| No | 234 (92.5) | 74 (31.6) | 25.7-38.0 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 19 (7.5) | 9 (47.4) | 24.4-71.1 | 1.95 (0.76-4.99) | 0.166 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | |||||
| No | 184 (72.7) | 55 (29.9) | 23.4-37.1 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 69 (27.3) | 28 (40.6) | 28.9-53.1 | 1.6 (0.90-2.85) | 0.108 |
| Coronary artery disease | |||||
| No | 222 (87.8) | 73 (32.9) | 26.7-39.5 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 31 (12.3) | 10 (32.3) | 16.7-51.4 | 0.97 (0.44-2.17) | 0.945 |
| Foot problems | |||||
| No | 167 (66.0) | 52 (31.1) | 24.2-38.8 | 1.00 | |
| Yes | 86 (34.0) | 31 (36.0) | 25.9-47.1 | 1.25 (0.72-2.16) | 0.431 |
| Number of complications | |||||
| None | 76 (30.0) | 21 (27.6) | 17.9-38.8 | 1.00 | |
| 1 | 63 (24.9) | 22 (34.9) | 23.3-47.9 | 1.41 (0.68-2.89) | 0.356 |
| 2 | 48 (19.0) | 10 (20.8) | 10.5-34.9 | 0.69 (0.29-1.63) | 0.396 |
| >2 | 66 (26.1) | 30 (45.5) | 33.1-58.2 | 2.18 (1.09-4.39) | 0.028 |