Figure 4.

Effect of wortmannin on the transport of γ-EV across Caco-2 monolayer cells. (A) The transport of 1 mM γ-EV assessed over a period of 2 h, after the pretreatment of wortmannin (1 μM, 30 min). (B) Immunofluorescence staining of the tight-junction proteins zona occludin-1 (ZO-1) and claudin-1 of the wortmannin-treated Caco-2 monolayer cells on the membrane, to ensure the maintenance of cell integrity after 2 h of transport. 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used to stain the nucleus of the cells. (C) Immunofluorescence staining of the tight-junction proteins ZO-1 and claudin-1 on the Caco-2 monolayer cells on the membrane, without any treatment (control), to ensure the maintenance of cell integrity after 2 h of transport. Data presented as the mean ± SD from n = 3 (wortmannin) and n = 4 (control) independent experiments.