Table 4. Example of how the estimates for the indicator “Woman had at least three ANC visits during last pregnancy (%)” in Zambia were compared using DHS data from different/same years and geographical levels.
| Data from DHS earlier year or higher level | Data from DHS later year or lower level | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province | Level | Year | n | Estimate | Level | Year | n | Estimate | |
|
DHS data from different years but same geographical level
(Scenario 1) |
Central | 3rd | 2013.5 | 789 | 89.2 | 3rd | 2018 | 746 | 89.0 |
| Copperbelt | 3rd | 2013.5 | 853 | 91.3 | 3rd | 2018 | 730 | 91.4 | |
| Eastern | 3rd | 2013.5 | 1,136 | 89.1 | 3rd | 2018 | 875 | 93.6 | |
| Luapula | 3rd | 2013.5 | 988 | 88.2 | 3rd | 2018 | 817 | 91.9 | |
| Lusaka | 3rd | 2013.5 | 904 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 818 | 89.3 | |
| Muchinga | 3rd | 2013.5 | 850 | 86.7 | 3rd | 2018 | 661 | 91.2 | |
| North Western | 3rd | 2013.5 | 927 | 86.1 | 3rd | 2018 | 608 | 92.6 | |
| Northern | 3rd | 2013.5 | 981 | 85.4 | 3rd | 2018 | 692 | 90.6 | |
| Southern | 3rd | 2013.5 | 1,036 | 89.9 | 3rd | 2018 | 746 | 94.5 | |
| Western | 3rd | 2013.5 | 793 | 85.2 | 3rd | 2018 | 612 | 90.4 | |
| All | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 5th | 2018 | 7,305 | 91.5 | |
|
DHS data from the same year but different geographical levels
(Scenario 2) |
Central | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 789 | 89.2 |
| Copperbelt | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 853 | 91.3 | |
| Eastern | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 1,136 | 89.1 | |
| Luapula | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 988 | 88.2 | |
| Lusaka | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 904 | 88.5 | |
| Muchinga | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 850 | 86.7 | |
| North Western | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 927 | 86.1 | |
| Northern | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 981 | 85.4 | |
| Southern | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 1,036 | 89.9 | |
| Western | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2013.5 | 793 | 85.2 | |
|
DHS data from different years and different geographical levels
(Scenario 3) |
Central | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 746 | 89.0 |
| Copperbelt | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 730 | 91.4 | |
| Eastern | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 875 | 93.6 | |
| Luapula | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 817 | 91.9 | |
| Lusaka | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 818 | 89.3 | |
| Muchinga | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 661 | 91.2 | |
| North Western | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 608 | 92.6 | |
| Northern | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 692 | 90.6 | |
| Southern | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 746 | 94.5 | |
| Western | 5th | 2013.5 | 9,257 | 88.5 | 3rd | 2018 | 612 | 90.4 | |
*
3rd level represents province level data and 5th level represents country-level data.
ANC: antenatal care; DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys.