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. 2021 May 25;29:18. doi: 10.1186/s12998-021-00376-3

Table 4.

Joint motion surplus to end-range in quartiles. The quartiles of pro-directional surplus flexion and extension motion for joints C0/C1 to C6/C7. The motions were divided into quartiles of end-range motion, with the smallest end-range motion in quartile 1 and the largest end-range motion in quartile 4. Each quartile shows the pro-directional surplus motion in degrees and as a percentage of the associated end-range motion. The first column from the left shows quartiles, the second column shows motion direction, degrees and percentages and the next seven columns show joints C0/C1, C1/C2, C2/C3, C3/C4, C4/C5, C5/C6 and C6/C7, the last two columns show upper cervical joints C0/C3 and lower cervical joints C3/C7. The table is divided in two, with the upper half showing flexion motion and a lower half showing extension motion. The number of joints in each quartile is given in the bottom row of each half. The calculations for flexion of C5/C6 and C6/C7 included only 8 and 5 joints respectively. The smallest number of joint observations in the extension table was eight, seen at C0/C1

Quartile Flexion C0C1 C1C2 C2C3 C3C4 C4C5 C5C6 C6C7 C0C3 C3C7
1 Degrees 2.20° 4.36° 4.13° 1.96° 2.50° 1.68° 2.73° 3.56° 2.22°
1 Percent 200.70% 204.06% 359.44% 92.64% 93.97% 37.43% 75.65% 254.73% 74.92%
2 Degrees 1.52° 2.92° 3.76° 2.26° 0.57° 2.56° 0.44° 2.73° 1.45°
2 Percent 78.63% 62.41% 100.75% 50.42% 11.93% 38.11% 7.87% 80.60% 27.08%
3 Degrees 1.91° 4.35° 1.18° 1.44° 1.49° 1.25° 0.38° 2.48° 1.14°
3 Percent 69.01% 61.71% 21.16% 25.61% 20.38% 11.61% 4.04% 50.62% 15.41%
4 Degrees 3.86° 3.33° 2.41° 1.63° 1.14° 0.12° 1.12° 3.20° 1.0°
4 Percent 76.01% 31.31% 26.26% 17.10% 9.59% 0.77% 8.85% 44.52% 9.08%
Number of joints 18 22 22 20 18 8 5 62 51
Quartile Extension C0C1 C1C2 C2C3 C3C4 C4C5 C5C6 C6C7 C0C3 C3C7
1 Degrees 2.38° 4.53° 3.37° 1.51° 1.25° 0.99° 1.49° 3.43° 1.31°
1 Percent 184.00% 171.05% 232.31% 89.68% 33.89% 29.69% 137.52% 195.85% 72.69%
2 Degrees 1.92° 3.26° 1.73° 2.02° 1.73° 3.20° 1.20° 2.30° 2.04°
2 Percent 35.05% 75.04% 48.18% 40.39% 25.11% 53.14% 36.12% 52.75% 38.69%
3 Degrees 0.96° 2.64° 2.88° 1.61° 0.77° 2.39° 1.22° 2.16° 1.45°
3 Percent 8.55% 40.16% 46.93% 22.44% 7.31% 28.85% 27.24% 31.88% 21.46%
4 Degrees 2.68° 3.11° 1.28° 0.66° 0.33° 0.52° 1.42° 2.36° 0.74°
4 Percent 12.39% 25.81% 13.19% 6.35% 2.24% 3.27% 24.42 17.13% 9.07%
Number of joints 8 20 16 16 16 16 17 44 65