Table 3.
Allele-score based Mendelian randomization results in the UK Biobank data for MI outcome.
| Genetically Predicted PUFA Level by Allele–Scores (1 Standard Deviation Increase) |
Main Analysis a | Sensitivity Analysis Adjusted for Phenotypical Covariates b | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P | |
| n-3 PUFAs | ||||
| Eicosapentaenoic acid | 0.973 (0.956–0.991) | 0.003 | 0.969 (0.949–0.989) | 0.002 |
| Docosapentaenoic acid | 1.027 (1.009–1.046) | 0.004 | 1.029 (1.008–1.050) | 0.006 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid | 1.000 (0.982–1.018) | 0.986 | 1.003 (0.982–1.023) | 0.804 |
| n-6 PUFAs | ||||
| Linoleic acid | 0.975 (0.957–0.992) | 0.005 | 0.967 (0.947–0.987) | 0.001 |
| Gamma-linolenic acid | 1.022 (1.003–1.040) | 0.020 | 1.028 (1.007–1.049) | 0.009 |
| Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid | 0.972 (0.955–0.990) | 0.002 | 0.969 (0.950–0.989) | 0.003 |
| Arachidonic acid | 1.027 (1.009–1.046) | 0.004 | 1.034 (1.013–1.056) | 0.001 |
| Adrenic acid | 1.004 (0.986–1.022) | 0.672 | 1.008 (0.987–1.029) | 0.458 |
PUFA = polyunsaturated fatty acids; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; MI = myocardial infarction. All allele scores were scaled to a one standard deivation increase. a The logistic regression model was adjusted for age, sex, and the first 10 principal components of the genetic information. b The phenotypical hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia medication history, smoking, laboratory values for low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides were added to the main model.