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. 2021 May 24;21:109. doi: 10.1186/s12874-021-01282-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Hazard ratio for angioedema between new users of ACEI vs. thiazide or thiazide-like diuretic monotherapy^a. ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; SE: standard error of the natural log of the hazard ratio; PSM: lage-scale propensity score matching; CM: large-scale cardinality matching.^a Uncalibrated effect estimates (left panel) and calibrated effect estimates (right panel) for analyses performed within the full study population (N=172,117). Calibrated hazard ratio, estimates, confidence intervals, standard errors and p-values based on the empirical null distribution of negative control outcomes