Figure 12.

Impact of extracellular vesicle (EV) inhibition of the innate antiviral program through interefron lambda 1 (IFNL1). Late-infected HCV culture were treated with a non-toxic dose of EV inhibitors (Imipramine 10 µM, D-Pantethine 100 µM, Y27632 10 µM, calpeptin 30 µM, manumycin A 2 µM, and cytochalasin D 2 µM). After 72 h, production of IFNL1 was examined in the supernatants by ELISA. (A). The cell culture supernatants were examined for the secretion of IFNL1 in peristsently infected HCV culture. (B). The levels of IFNL1 in the supernatants of R4GFP cells.