AMP	Adenosine monophosphate
AMPK	5′ AMP-activated protein kinase
ApoE-/-	apoE-knockout mine
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
BAT	brown adipose tissue
Ca2+	intracellular calcium
CaMKK	Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase
CVD	Cardiovascular disease
DHA	Docosahexaenoic acid
ED	Endothelial dysfunction
eNOS	Endothelial NOS
EPA	Eicosapentaenoic acid
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
ERK ½	extracellular signal-regulated kinases ½
FFA	Free fatty acid
FFA1	free fatty acid receptor 1
FFA2	free fatty acid receptor 2
FFA3	free fatty acid receptor 3
FFA4	free fatty acid receptor 4
GLUT4	Glucose transporter type 4
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptors
GPR 120 agonist III	3-(4-((4-Fluoro-4′-methyl-(1,1′-biphenyl)-2-yl)methoxy)-phenyl)propanoic acid
GPR 120	G-protein coupled receptor 120
GSK137647A	4-Methoxy-N-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-benzenesulfonamide, N-Mesityl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide
GW9508	4-(3-Phenoxybenzylamino)phenylpropionic acid
HFHC	High-fat–high-cholesterol
ICAM-1	Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinases
KLF2	Krüppel-like factor 2
KLF4	Krüppel-like factor 4
KLFs	Krüppel-like family of transcription factors
LCFA	Long-chain fatty acids
M1-type	classically activated macrophage
M2-type	alternatively activated macrophage
MAP3K7	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7
MCD	Methionine and choline deficient
MCFA	medium-chain fatty acids
MMP-9	Matrix metallopeptidase 9
n-3 PUFA	polyunsaturated fatty acids
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NASH	Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
NCG21	4-{4-[2-(Phenyl-pyridin-2-yl-amino)-ethoxy]-phenyl}-butyric acid
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NLRP3	NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
NOX-4	NADPH oxidase 4
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PRARα	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
PUFA	Polyunsaturated fatty acid
ROS	Reactive oxidative stress
RT-PCR	reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction
SCFA	Short-chain fatty acids
SFAs	Saturated fatty acids
siRNA	Small interfering RNA
SMC	smooth muscle cell
SREBP-1c	sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c
T2DM	type 2 diabetes mellitus
THP-1	human monocytic cell line
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor α
VCAM-1	Vascular cell adhesion protein 1
VSMCs	Vascular smooth muscle cells
WAT	white adipose tissue