Akt	protein kinase B
AMP	adenosine monophosphate
ATP	adenosine triphosphate
ERK1/2	extracellular signal-regulated kinases
GLUT1–4	glucose transporter isozymes 1–4
GSH	glutathione
HK 1–4	hexokinase isozymes 1–4
LDHA	lactate dehydrogenase A
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
NADPH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
ODE	ordinary differential equations
PET	positron emission tomography
PFK1/2	phosphofructokinase isozymes 1/2
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PK	pyruvate kinase
PKM1/2	pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2
SGLT1	sodium-glucose linked transporter
TCA cycle	tricarboxylic acid cycle