Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of participants.
| HIV-Negative Subjects | HIV-1-Positive Subjects | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ART-Naive | ART-Suppressed | Elite Controllers | ||||||||||
| n = 9 | n = 9 | n = 10 | n = 9 | |||||||||
| Viral load (log10 copies/mL) |
NA | 3.97 | ± | 1.074 | <1.7 | <1.7 | ||||||
| Years of infection | NA | 2.11 | ± | 1.16 | 8.50 | ± | 3.44 b*** | 12.33 | ± | 3.44b ***c* | ||
| CD4 (cells/μL) | 867.1 | ± | 186.0 | 511.6 | ± | 299.1 a* | 710.9 | ± | 259.9 | 652.1 | ± | 277.8 |
| CD8 (cells/μL) | 420.1 | ± | 127.1 | 898.0 | ± | 387.3 a** | 795.0 | ± | 227.6 a* | 562.8 | ± | 255.0 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 2.17 | ± | 0.56 | 0.68 | ± | 0.52 a*** | 0.93 | ± | 0.32 a*** | 1.38 | ± | 0.61 a*b* |
| Age (years) | 40.78 | ± | 8.37 | 34.00 | ± | 7.95 | 47.3 | ± | 9.94 b** | 48.44 | ± | 7.53 b** |
Clinical characteristics of patients. All clinical parameters are reported as mean ± SD. a p value vs. healthy subjects; b p value vs. ART-naive subjects; c p value vs. ART-suppressed subjects; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001 (ANOVA, Tukey post-test), NA: not applicable.