. 2021 Apr 30;13(5):1522. doi: 10.3390/nu13051522

Table 3.

Average proportion of amino acid intake from different food groups according to the quartiles of BCAA intake.

	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	p for Trend
	n = 1213	n = 1213	n = 1213	n = 1213	p for Trend
BCAA (g/d)
Grains and grain products	61.63 ± 0.84	47.60 ± 0.61	36.96 ± 0.47	22.89 ± 0.56	<0.001
Meat and meat products	8.76 ± 0.89	18.18 ± 0.72	21.94 ± 0.69	31.23 ± 0.98	<0.001
Legumes and legume products	12.95 ± 0.60	12.65 ± 0.49	12.80 ± 0.41	14.37 ± 0.63	0.07
Fish and shellfish	4.13 ± 0.51	7.11 ± 0.42	9.59 ± 0.49	15.21 ± 0.80	<0.001
Vegetables	11.57 ± 0.31	9.26 ± 0.22	7.80 ± 0.18	5.67 ± 0.20	<0.001
Other food groups ¹	14.86 ± 0.65	19.28 ± 0.58	21.61 ± 0.58	21.27 ± 0.66	<0.001
Isoleucine (g/d)
Grains and grain products	60.26 ± 0.83	44.84 ± 0.58	33.93 ± 0.43	19.52 ± 0.51	<0.001
Meat and meat products	8.62 ± 0.91	18.89 ± 0.72	24.05 ± 0.70	34.08 ± 0.96	<0.001
Legumes and legume products	13.79 ± 0.63	13.90 ± 0.52	13.41 ± 0.44	14.87 ± 0.65	0.24
Fish and shellfish	4.38 ± 0.55	7.50 ± 0.43	10.46 ± 0.53	16.40 ± 0.83	<0.001
Vegetables	12.41 ± 0.33	9.79 ± 0.23	8.10 ± 0.18	5.63 ± 0.20	<0.001
Other food groups ¹	15.44 ± 0.65	19.93 ± 0.60	21.66 ± 0.59	20.93 ± 0.65	<0.001
Leucine (g/d)
Grains and grain products	61.83 ± 0.84	47.32 ± 0.61	37.68 ± 0.45	23.84 ± 0.57	<0.001
Meat and meat products	9.43 ± 0.90	17.61 ± 0.73	22.17 ± 0.68	30.92 ± 0.98	<0.001
Legumes and legume products	13.51 ± 0.64	13.55 ± 0.51	13.23 ± 0.41	15.84 ± 0.68	0.01
Fish and shellfish	4.19 ± 0.52	7.07 ± 0.42	9.56 ± 0.50	15.24 ± 0.79	<0.001
Vegetables	10.91 ± 0.31	8.80 ± 0.22	7.24 ± 0.17	5.23 ± 0.19	<0.001
Other food groups ¹	14.77 ± 0.63	19.46 ± 0.61	21.03 ± 0.55	20.18 ± 0.66	<0.001
Valine (g/d)
Grains and grain products	62.08 ± 0.84	49.68 ± 0.60	38.92 ± 0.49	24.61 ± 0.57	<0.001
Meat and meat products	8.42 ± 0.86	17.61 ± 0.69	20.55 ± 0.65	30.08 ± 0.96	<0.001
Legumes and legume products	12.42 ± 0.60	10.96 ± 0.42	10.92 ± 0.36	11.70 ± 0.57	0.82
Fish and shellfish	3.94 ± 0.51	6.76 ± 0.39	9.17 ± 0.46	14.08 ± 0.77	<0.001
Vegetables	11.78 ± 0.32	9.80 ± 0.21	8.39 ± 0.19	6.33 ± 0.21	<0.001
Other food groups ¹	14.25 ± 0.68	18.54 ± 0.57	22.07 ± 0.58	23.74 ± 0.74	<0.001

Q, quartile; BCAA, branched-chain amino acid. Values are expressed as means ± standard errors, adjusted for age, sex, and total energy intake. ¹ Other food groups include potatoes, sugars, and related products, nuts and seeds, mushrooms, fruits, eggs, seaweed, milk and dairy products, oils, beverages, seasoning, cooked/processed foods, and other products.