Table 2.

Anti-Virulence Properties of Catechins.

Virulence Factor	Catechins	Conc.	Effects	Ref.
S. aureus α-toxin	TPP		Inhibition of 82% of hemolytic activity.	[27]
V. parahaemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin	TPP		Inhibition of 100% of hemolytic activity.	[27]
V. cholerae cholera toxin	EGCg	≥22 μM ≥22 μM	Host cell binding decreased by 60%. Activity of A subunit reduced by 70%.	[28]
P. aeruginosa exotoxin A	EGCg ECg	≥22 μM ≥23 μM	80% inhibition of cytotoxicity. 65% inhibition of cytotoxicity.	[28]
Ricinus communis ricin	EGCg	≥22 μM	44% inhibition of cytotoxicity.	[28]
C. diphtheriae diptheria toxin	EGCg	≥22 μM	50% inhibition of cytotoxicity.	[28]
E. coli Shiga-like toxins 1 and 2	EGCg, GCg	0.05 mg/mL	Inhibition of release of toxin	[29]
E. coli Shiga-like toxin 1	EGCg, GCg	15 mg/mL	Inhibition of cytotoxicity.	[30]
B. anthracis anthrax toxin	EGCg	97 nM	50% inhibition of metalloproteolytic activity.	[31]
S. pneumoniae pneumolysin	EGCg	≥1.09 μM	Inhibition of hemolytic activity	[2]
L. monocytogenes listeriolysin O	EGCg	≥10 nM	Inhibition of hemolytic activity and cholesterol binding.	[32]
A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin	Cg, EGCg, GCg, ECg	≥1 mg/mL	Inhibition of cytotoxicity. Alterations in secondary structure.	[33,34]
A. actinomycetemcomitans outer membrane vesicles	EGCg	≥1 mg/mL	Inhibition of vesicle binding to host cells	[35]