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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 May 25.
Published in final edited form as: Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2019 Feb 6;20(6):631–633. doi: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1574748

Figure 1. Proposed model for role of exosomal CYPs in alcohol-induced neuro-AIDS.

Figure 1.

Upon alcohol exposure, hepatic and monocytic cells secrete exosomes containing CYP enzymes which can circulate via plasma and cross the BBB. The transported exosomes release CYP enzymes in the brain which can exacerbate HIV pathogenesis via oxidative stress and by altering ART metabolism.