Table 2:
Clinical application of exosomes in Brain related diseases research
| No | Disease and Conditions | Interventions and Exosome source | Therapeutic used in the study | Trial Identification Number | Status & Clinical Phase |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cerebrovascular disorders | Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes | MSC derived exosomes enriched by miR-124 | NCT03384433 | Not yet recruiting & Phase1, Phase 2 |
| 2 | Lymphoma, B-cell, aggressive non-hodgkin (B-NHL) | Blood samples | Exosome carries therapeutic targets (CD20, PDL-1) and could act as “decoy-receptors” for immunotherapy and identify aggressive B-NHL. | NCT03985696 | Recruiting & Not applicable |
| 3 | Parkinson’s disease (PD), LRRK2 kinase inhibitor sunitinib | PD patients and controls proteomes | Exosome proteomes derived from PD patients versus controls, if LRRK2 expression and phosphorylation are significantly lowered in exosomes of treated with the potent LRRK2 kinase inhibitor sunitinib. | NCT01860118 | Completed & Not applicable |
| 4 | Macular degeneration, senile | Optical coherence tomography, Color retinography, Fundus autofluorescence imaging | The L-Dopa regulates the cell’s exosomal and endosomal pathways, decreases the RPE’s exosome release significantly. | NCT02863640 | Terminated & Not applicable |
| 5 | Parkinson disease, age-related macular degeneration | Optical coherence tomography, Fundus autofluorescence imaging | Estimate the prevalence of ARMD in Parkinson’s Patients and explore a possible causal link between L-DOPA treatment and ARMD. | NCT03415984 | Completed & Not applicable |
| 6 | Malignant glioma of brain | IGF-1R/AS ODN, bio-diffusion chamber | Compared to traditional treatment alternatives for tumor recurrence, including a boost of further radiation and more chemotherapy. | NCT01550523 | Completed & Phase 1 |
| 7 | Malignant glioma neoplasms | Drug: IGF-1R/AS ODN | Within 24 hours of craniotomy, implanted for 48 hours, surgery with tissue harvest and implantation of 20 diffusion chambers in the rectus sheath with IGF-1R/AS ODN, | NCT02507583 | Active, not recruiting & Phase 1 |
| 8 | Healthy subjects, systemic autoimmune diseases | Exosomes from plasma and urine sample | To constitute a Healthy Volunteers cohort to compare with systemic autoimmune diseases cohort into molecular clusters instead of clinical entities by determining molecular profiles using several “Omics” techniques. | NCT02890147 | Completed & Not applicable |
| 9 | NCT02890134 | Unknown & Not applicable | |||
| 10 | NCT02890121 | Completed & Not applicable | |||
| 11 | Mild cognitive impairment, neurocognitive disorder, vascular dementia, alzheimer, dementia, age-related cognitive decline | Neurocognitive battery, EEG with event-related potential (ERP), Amyloid PET CT, blood, MRI, blood samples | study of older HK Chinese adults with cognitive impairment, with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment. | NCT03275363 | Recruiting & Not applicable |
| 12 | Mild cognitive impairment | Curcumin, behavioral: aerobic yoga, non-aerobic yoga, Placebo | Study the clinical benefits of curcumin, inhibit several potential disease pathways in Alzheimer’s diseases, and determine how physical exercise programs impact individuals with early memory problems. | NCT01811381 | Recruiting & Not applicable |
| 13 | Relapsing multiple sclerosis | Blood sample | Auto-reactive T lymphocytes an early hallmark of MS, a link inflammation and neurodegeneration in a complex and inter-regulated circuit and the presence of a link between metabolism and immune responses. | NCT04121065 | Not yet recruiting & Not applicable |
| 14 | Neuralgia | Exosome analysis, focused transcranial ultrasound | Exosomes loaded anti-inflammatory and growth factor targeted delivery | NCT04202783 | Recruiting & Not applicable |
| 15 | Refractory depression, anxiety disorders, neurodegenerati ve diseases | Exosomes | Safety and efficacy of exosome deployment with concurrent transcranial ultrasound. | NCT04202770 | Recruiting & Not applicable |
| 16 | Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome | MSC derived exosomes | Safety and efficacy of exosomal of MSC | NCT04356300 | Not yet recruited & Phase 1, Phase 2 |
| 17 | Long-term memory decline, mild cognitive impairment | Neural exosomes | Identify changes in neuronally derived exosome levels induced by training | NCT04253587 | Not yet Recruiting & Not applicable |
| 18 | Alzheimer’s disease | Allogenic adipose mesenchymal stem cells exosome | Low/mild & high MSCs-Exos administrated for nasal drip Dosage | NCT04388982 | Not yet recruited & Phase 1& 2 |