Table 2.

Property of seven ligaments of the lumbar spine. [5].

Ligament	Strain: ε (%)	Stiffness: k (N/mm)	ε (%)	k (N/mm)	ε (%)	k (N/mm)	ε (%)	k (N/mm)
ALL	ε < 0	k = 0	0 < ε < 12.2	347	12.2 < ε < 20.3	787	20.3 < ε	1864
PLL			0 < ε < 11.1	29.5	11.1 < ε < 23	61.7	23 < ε	236
CL			0 < ε < 25	36	25 < ε < 30	159	30 < ε	384
ITL			0 < ε < 18.2	0.3	18.2 < ε < 23.3	1.8	23.3 < ε	10.7
FL			0 < ε < 5.9	7.7	5.9 < ε < 49	9.6	49 < ε	58.2
SSL			0 < ε < 20	2.5	20 < ε < 25	5.3	25 < ε	34
ISL			0 < ε < 20	1.4	13.9 < ε < 20	1.5	20 < ε	14.7