2-OADCs	2-oxo dehydrogenase complex
AE2	anion exchanger 2
AMAs	antimitochondrial antibodies
ATRA	all-trans retinoic acid
Bas	bile acids
BDL	bile duct ligation
BECs	biliary epithelial cells
CCA	Cholangiocarcinoma
CCl4	C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 4
dnTGFβRII	dominant-negative form of TGF-β receptor type II
ECM	secrete extracellular matrix
EMT	epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
FUT2	glycocalyx stabilising enzyme fucosyltransferase 2
UDCA	ursodeoxycholic acid
FZD1	Frizzled 1
GWAS	genome-wide association study
HCC	hepatocellular carcinoma
Hes1	hairy and enhancer of split-1
Hh	Hedgehog
HLA	human leukocyte antigen
HNFs	hepatocyte nuclear factors
HSCs	hepatic stellate cells
IBD	inflammatory bowel disease
IFNg	interferon gamma
IL-12	interleukin 12
IL-6	interleukin 6
JAG2	jagged canonical notch ligand 2
JNKs	c-Jun N-terminal kinases
LRP5/6	low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein5/6
MAIT	mucosal-associated invariant T cells
MRC	magnetic resonance cholangiography
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NTPD2	ecto-ATPase nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-2
OCA	obeticholic acid
PBC	primary biliary cholangitis
PC	primary cilium
PDC-E2	pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
PFs	portal fibroblasts
PLD	polycystic liver disease
PSC	primary sclerosing cholangitis
p75NTR	p75 neurotrophin receptor
SOX4	SRY-box transcription factor 4
SOX9	SRY-box transcription factor 9
TGF-β	transforming growth factor beta
TGR5	Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5
TNF-α	tumour necrosis factor-α
UDCA	ursodeoxycholic acid
YAP1	Yes-associated protein 1
αSMA	α-smooth muscle actin