Effect of extracellular D2O substitution on the activation kinetics of Shaker-IR.
(A) The tsA201 cell expressing T449A Shaker-IR channels was repeatedly depolarized to +50 mV from a holding potential of −120 mV for 15 ms in outside-out configuration in the absence (black) or the presence of extracellular D2O (red). The outward K+ current traces were fitted with a single-exponential function rising to a maximum according to the Hodgkin–Huxley n4 model (see Materials and methods). The activation time constant (τact) for a particular cell was defined as the average of time constants obtained for at least three depolarizing pulses repeated every 15 s in a sequence. (B) Bars and error bars indicate the mean ± SEM (n ≥ 4) of τact for the indicated clones. Symbols indicate individual data points (circles, T449A; down triangles, T449A/I470A; up triangles, T449K/I470C) obtained in H2O//H2O (filled symbols) and H2O//D2O (empty symbols). Asterisks indicate significant differences (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01).