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. 2021 May 11;12:663643. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.663643

TABLE 1B.

Clinical and genetic findings in novel and previously published individuals with PIGT deficiency harboring the p.Asn527Ser or p.Val528Met variant in either homozygous or compound heterozygous state.

Families Family 11 Family 11 Family 12 Family 13 Family 14 Family 15 Family 16 Family 17 Family 18 Family 19 Family 20 Family 21

Patient 14 Patient 15 P1 (Jezela-Stanek et al., 2020) P2 (Jezela-Stanek et al., 2020) P3 (Jezela-Stanek et al., 2020) P4 (Jezela-Stanek et al., 2020) P5 (Jezela-Stanek et al., 2020) P6 (Jezela-Stanek et al., 2020) P7 (Jezela-Stanek et al., 2020) P3 (Bayat et al., 2019) P10 (Bayat et al., 2019) Decipher ID 258094 (Pagnamenta et al., 2017)
cDNA change (NM_015937.6) c.1582G > A; c.1582G > A c.1582G > A; c.1582G > A c.1582G > A; c.1582G > A c.1730dupC; c.1582G > A c.1520G > A; c.1582G > A c.494-2A > G; c.1582G > A c.1582G > A; c.1582G > A c.1096G > A; c.1582G > A c.494-2A > G; c.1582G > A c.494-2A, c.1582G > A; c.1724_1725insC; c.1582G > A c.1730dupC; c.1582G > A

Amino acid change (NP_057021.2) p.Val528Met; p.Val528Met p.Val528Met; p.Val528Met p.Val528Met; p.Val528Met p.Leu578fsTer 35; p.Val528Met p.Ala507Gly; p.Val528Met Splice site; p.Val528Met p.Val528Met; p.Val528Met p.Gly366TArg; p.Val528Met Splice site; p.Val528Met Splice site; p.Val528Met p.Leu578fsTer35; p.Val528Met p.Leu578fsTer35; Val528Met

Clinical significance PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH PATH; PATH VUS;PATH PATH; PATH

Heritage Caucasian Caucasian Polish Polish Polish Polish Polish Polish Polish Polish Polish Polish

Age at inclusion 2 years 7.5 years Born 2019 Born 2017 Born 2017 Born 2016 Born 2011 Born 2013 Born 2003 5 years 4 years Unknown

Gender Female Female Female Male Male Male Female Male Female Female Female Female

Seizures Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Epilepsy diagnosis Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes

Age at seizure onset 6 months 20 months 6 months 12 months 6 months 9 months 6 months 11 months 12 months 12 months 18 months 12 months

Non-epileptic myoclonic jerks Yes No Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Seizure types during disease course Atypical absences (generalized) Atypical absences Fever-induced tonic–clonic seizures of unknown onset Fever-induced focal seizures with impaired awareness Focal hypomotor seizures with impaired awareness, FBTCS Absences, myoclonic jerks, and bilateral tonic–clonic seizures Focal hypomotor seizures with impaired awareness, FBTCS, and generalized myoclonic jerks Focal hypomotor seizures with impaired awareness Focal hypomotor seizures with impaired awareness Fever-induced tonic–clonic seizures of unknown onset Bilateral tonic–clonic seizures of unknown onset Bilateral tonic–clonic seizures of unknown onset

Febrile seizures No Yes Yes (only) Yes (only) Yes Yes Yes Yes (only) Yes Unknown Unknown Unknown

Status epilepticus No No Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Current AED LEV LEV None Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Lifetime AED LEV LEV None Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Overall antiepileptic drug response Very good Very good Not relevant Very good Very good Poor (intractable myoclonic jerks) Good Very good Very good Good Good Good

Age at sitting 1 year (with support) 3 years Unable 25 months 18 months 30 months 2.5 years 2 years 2.5 years Unknown Unknown Unknown

Age at walking Unable 6 years (a few steps) Unable Unknown but can walk assisted Unable Unable Unable Unable 6 years (unassisted but short distances) Unknown Unknown Unknown but can walk

Useful use of hands Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Age at first words Non-verbal Non-verbal Unknown Unknown Unknown 23 months 3.5 years 4.5 years 5 years Unknown Unknown Unknown

Present verbal ability Unknown Understands simple sentences. Uses a communication device with eye movement control for words Unknown Unknown Single words, dysarthria Single words Communicates through simple sentences, dysarthria Single words Single words, dysarthria Unknown Unknown Unknown

Developmental delay Severe Severe Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify Unable to classify

Autism Unknown but has limited eye contact No Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown Unknown

Brain MRI results Not performed 2 years: cerebellar atrophy 6 months: delayed myelination 10 months: delayed myelination, slight enlargement of pericerebral spaces 12 months: decreased white matter volume, enlargement of pericerebral spaces 12 months: decreased cerebral white matter volume including CC; 16 months: cortical–subcortical atrophy 8 months: delayed myelination and slight enlargement of pericerebral spaces; 3 years: cortical–subcortical and cerebellar vermis atrophy Three times over 1 year: progressive cortical–subcortical atrophy, cerebellar vermis atrophy 12 months: normal; 11 and 16 years: progressive cerebral and cerebellar atrophy Unknown age: cerebellar atrophy 4 years: progressive isolated cerebellar atrophy Progressive isolated cerebellar atrophy

*Overall antiepileptic drug response (very good = seizure-free; partially good = partially seizure- free on treatment; and poor = intractable seizures despite treatment). Abbreviations: AED, antiepileptic drug; CBD, cannabidiol; CBZ, carbamazepine; CC, corpus callosum; EEG, electroencephalogram; FBTCS, focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizure; LEV, levetiracetam; LMT, lamotrigine; MAE, myoclonic atonic epilepsy; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MS, myoclonic seizure; PATH, pathogenic; PHT, phenytoin; PIGT, phosphatidylinositol glycan class T protein; PMD, primidone; VPA, valproate; VUS, variant on unknown significance; TPM, topiramate.