Figure 3.

Chrysophanol inhibits invasion and STAT3 phosphorylation in SAS cells. (A) After 24 h exposure of SAS cell to chrysophanol, the invasion assay was performed. (B) Experiments were performed in triplicate. n = 3. ** p < 0.01. (C,D) Changes in the expression of phospho-Stat3 in the presence of IL-6 (C) and IL-8 (D), with or without chrysophanol treatment. Actin was used as an internal control. Quantitative results showing the level of specific proteins assessed by ImageJ. All data are presented as the mean ± SD. n = 3. Scale bar = 100 μm. * p < 0.05. ** p < 0.01. Whole blot is included in Figure S2 in Supplementary materials.