Table 3.
Results of Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighted Analyses
| Outcomes | Ketamine vs Propofol | Etomidate vs Propofol | Etomidate vs Ketamine | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimates (95% CI) | p | Estimates (95% CI) | p | Estimates (95% CI) | p | |
| Hospital mortality | 1.34 (0.98–1.84) | 0.070 | 1.43 (1.09–1.86)b | 0.009 | 1.06 (0.80–1.42) | 0.671 |
| Hospital-free days (28) | –1.21 (–2.37 to –0.05) | 0.041 | –0.92 (–1.97–0.13) | 0.087 | 0.30 (–0.81 to 1.40) | 0.600 |
| ICU mortality | 1.45 (1.07–1.94)a | 0.015 | 1.87 (1.40–2.49)b | < 0.001 | 1.29 (0.99–1.68) | 0.057 |
| ICU-free days (28) | –1.24 (–2.41 to –0.06) | 0.039 | –2.10 (–3.21 to –1.00)b | < 0.001 | –0.87 (–2.09 to 0.35) | 0.164 |
Results from inverse probability of treatment weighted models using generalized estimating equations with robust variance estimates to account for the weighted analysis approach. For each outcome, model results from 20 imputed datasets were combined to estimate the pairwise treatment effects. Estimates for mortality endpoints are odds ratios. Estimates for hospital- and ICU-free days represent the increased number of hospital- or ICU-free days associated with the given drug such that estimates below 1 indicate poorer outcomes compared with the reference group. For each of the pairwise comparisons, statistical significance was defined by p < 0.017 after Bonferroni correction (aketamine vs propofol, betomidate vs propofol, etomidate vs ketamine [not observed]).