Table 2.
Characteristics of TRACK-TBI Pilot Study Participants Aged 18 and Older Who Survived to 6 Months Without Missing Exposure or Outcome Information, by Hypersomnia Status at 3 Months, N=305.
| No Hypersomnia, n=186 | Hypersomnia, n=119 | p-value1 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 43.2 (17.9) | 42.0 (17.3) | 0.57 |
| Sex, n(%) | |||
| Female | 47 (25.3) | 43 (36.1) | 0.04 |
| Male | 139 (74.7) | 76 (63.9) | |
| Race, n(%) | 0.40 | ||
| White | 146 (84.4) | 95 (79.8) | |
| Black | 12 (6.9) | 13 (10.9) | |
| Asian | 9 (5.2) | 4 (3.4) | |
| AI/AN/Hawaiian/Pacific | 6 (3.5) | 7 (5.9) | |
| Hispanic, n(%) | 23 (12.4) | 16 (13.5) | 0.78 |
| Education, n(%) | 0.02 | ||
| Less than HS | 8(4.4) | 8(7.1) | |
| High School | 80(44.2) | 68(60.7) | |
| Some College/Graduate | 68(37.0) | 26(23.2) | |
| Post Graduate | 26(14.4) | 10(8.9) | |
| Employment Status, n(%) | 0.42 | ||
| Full time | 85(46.7) | 45(39.8) | |
| Part time | 27(14.8) | 16(14.2) | |
| Unemployed | 70(38.5) | 52(46.0) | |
| Married, n(%) | 71(39.2) | 32(26.9) | 0.03 |
| Study Site, n(%) | 0.15 | ||
| UCSF | 123(66.1) | 73(61.3) | |
| UMC Brackenridge | 15(8.1) | 5(4.2) | |
| University of Pittsburgh | 48(25.8) | 41(34.5) | |
| Arrival GCS categories, n(%) | 0.19 | ||
| 13-15 | 170 (91.4) | 101 (84.9) | |
| 9-12 | 6 (3.2) | 8 (6.7) | |
| <9 | 10 (5.4) | 10 (8.4) | |
| Medical History, n(%) | |||
| Anxiety | 19(10.2) | 28(23.5) | 0.002 |
| Depression | 34(18.3) | 42(35.3) | 0.001 |
| Sleep Disorder | 14(7.5) | 12(10.1) | 0.44 |
| Alcohol and/or Drug Use | 107(57.5) | 70(58.8) | 0.82 |
| Arrhythmia | 121(65.1) | 96(80.7) | 0.003 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 58(31.2) | 37(31.1) | 0.99 |
| Renal Disease | 16(8.6) | 10(8.4) | 0.95 |
| Diabetes | 10(5.4) | 11(9.2) | 0.19 |
| Seizures | 15(8.1) | 18(15.1) | 0.05 |
| Prior TBI | 33(17.7) | 32(26.9) | 0.06 |
| Pulmonary Disease | 45(24.2) | 23(19.3) | 0.32 |
| Sadness at 3 months, n(%) | <0.001 | ||
| Yes | 25(13.5) | 38(31.9) | |
| No | 160(86.5) | 81(68.1) | |
| Hypersomnia at 6 months, n(%) | 60 (32.3) | 89 (74.8) | <0.001 |
| Insomnia at 6 months, n(%) | 71 (38.2) | 71 (59.7) | <0.001 |
| BSI2 Depression at 6 months, mean (SD) | 3.1 (4.3) | 6.4 (5.5) | <0.001 |
1
P-value reflects significance test between hypersomnia and no hypersomnia, using Chi Square Goodness of Fit, Student’s t-test, or Wilcoxon rank sum;
2
BSI – Brief Symptom Inventory