Table 1.

Common risk factors (causes) leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome

Direct (Pulmonary) Risk Factors	Indirect (Extrapulmonary) Risk Factor
Pneumonia (bacterial, viral, fungal)	Sepsis
COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 infection)	Nonthoracic major trauma
Aspiration	Pancreatitis
Inhalation injury	Cardiopulmonary bypass
Pulmonary contusion	Transfusion of blood products
Vasculitis	Major burns injury
Drowning

Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.