Table 3.

Mean summer daytime surface urban heat island intensity (SUHI) by climate zone and age.

	Climate zone
	Arid	Snow	Temperate	Equatorial	Total
(a) Population-weighted means—Below 5 years old: Total	0.55	2.38	2.37	2.94	2.20
	(1.67)	(2.66)	(2.73)	(2.16)	(2.68)
People of colora	0.73	3.41	2.94	3.24	2.76
	(1.57)	(2.53)	(2.68)	(2.06)	(2.64)
Blackb	0.85	3.81	3.13	3.82	3.21
	(1.54)	(2.26)	(2.72)	(1.82)	(2.62)
Hispanicc	0.81	3.58	3.01	3.01	2.69
	(1.53)	(2.66)	(2.62)	(2.11)	(2.60)
Non-Hispanic whited	0.16	1.59	1.53	1.88	1.45
	(1.80)	(2.49)	(2.59)	(2.16)	(2.53)
Above 65 years old: Total	0.16	2.03	1.96	2.58	1.84
	(1.82)	(2.66)	(2.79)	(2.19)	(2.72)
People of colora	0.55	3.58	3.01	3.38	2.88
	(1.62)	(2.54)	(2.82)	(2.13)	(2.77)
Blackb	0.69	3.82	3.22	3.77	3.28
	(1.63)	(2.33)	(2.83)	(1.92)	(2.72)
Hispanicc	0.65	3.85	3.16	3.32	2.80
	(1.53)	(2.79)	(2.70)	(2.16)	(2.68)
Non-Hispanic whited	−0.02	1.69	1.51	1.91	1.44
	(1.87)	(2.57)	(2.66)	(2.01)	(2.60)
(b) Difference in means—Below 5 years old: People of colora − Non-Hispanic whited	0.57***	1.82***	1.41***	1.36***	1.31***
	(0.078)	(0.106)	(0.159)	(0.018)	(0.138)
Above 65 years old: People of colora − Non-Hispanic whited	0.57***	1.88***	1.50***	1.47**	1.44***
	(0.086)	(0.111)	(0.258)	(0.080)	(0.209)

Source: Author calculations, based on data from US Census Bureau and ref. ³⁵. Sample includes all urbanized areas with 2017 population over 250,000. Panel (a): Population-weighted means of urbanized area SUHI intensity in °C. Standard deviation is given in parentheses. Panel (b): Difference in group means. Standard errors clustered by urban area are given in parentheses. alone.

**p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.

^aPeople of color includes all Hispanic and all who do not identify as white alone.

^bBlack alone, including Hispanic black.

^cDefined as all who report “Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin” as their ethnicity, regardless of race.

^dNon-Hispanic white alone.